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15. Kirillicheskie shrifty

Zdes' budut ssylki na kirillicheskie shrifty kak platnye, tak i na svobodnye nabory.

Aleksandr Berdnikov iz fido7.ru.tex citata o tom mozhno li najti Postcript shrifty dlya nabora nauchnyh tekstov:

"Na nastoyashchij moment prakticheski edinstvennyj prodavec na rynke shriftov -- eto ParaType. Ostal'nye (v tom chisle i "svobodnye" sajty tipa Vedi ili Litera) predlagayut v osnovnom akcidentnye shrifty (kachestvo ne proveryal), dlya nabora tekstov ne prigodnye. S cenami Paratype mozhno oznakomitsya, estestvenno, na www.paratype.com. Odnako pri otbore shriftov nado ochen' vnimatel'no prochitat' licenziyu i dogovor (to est', kakie real'no u tebya budut prava, kakie real'no est' garantii i kakuyu real'no podderzhku i soprovozhdenie obespechivaet Paratype). Krome togo, neobhodimo ozabotit'sya gramotnym podborom garnitur dlya nachertanij \rm, \sf, \sc, \tt tak, chtoby oni byli sovmestny. (Inache mozhno bylo by ogranichit'sya "svobodnoj Literaturnoj" ot ParaType, no vopros: otkuda vzyat' zamenu vsem ostal'nym TeHovskim shriftam?!)"

Tak chto luchshe pol'zovat'sya standartnymi shriftami lh Ol'gi Lapko.

15.1 SHrifty Type1

Sovremennye Type1 fonty podderzhivayut UNICODE i soderzhat russkie simvoly s imenami glifov tipa "afii10049".

K sozhaleniyu, mnogie prilozheniya vidyat tol'ko pervye 256 simvolov Type1 shrifta (Latin1 ili ISO_8859-1). Imenno dlya takih prilozhenij nuzhny "othakannye" shrifty, gde v diapazone 0-255 raspolozheny simvoly KOI8-R. Vzyat' mozhno naprimer s : ftp.kapella.gpi.ru |tot nabor dazhe imeet neobhodimuyu chast' dlya dobavleniya k fajlu Fontmap. Vy dolzhny utyanut' soderzhanie kataloga /pub/cyrillic/psfonts. V fajle README opisyvayutsya vse neobhodimye podrobnosti.

"Normal'nye" Type1 shrifty est' v Adobe Type Manager (ATM) ili v postavke OS/2.

Na sajte www.paratype.com mozhno najti neskol'ko besplatnyh Type1 shriftov - naprimer Pushkin.

V razdele Vyvod na pechat' i PostScript mozhno najti dopolnitel'nuyu informaciyu po ispol'zovaniyu Type1 shriftov.

literat

V 1996 godu kompaniya ParaGraph International i Russian Foundation for Basic Research sdelal shrifty literat dostupnymi dlya besplatnogo ispol'zovaniya (podrobnee smotrite fajl licence iz samogo paketa). Po otzyvam nachertanie etih shriftov sil'no otlichaetsya (prichem daleko ne v luchshuyu storonu) ot togo, chto iznachal'no nazyvalos' garnitura literaturnaya (starye matematicheski knizhki 60h godov) - shrift yavno ne dodelan (mozhno posmotret' i uzhasnut'sya kak vyglyadit slovo "Gde") - no v 99% rezul'tat vpolne udovletvoritel'nyj.

Sami shrifty dostupny po adresu ftp.vsu.ru

Dlya togo, chtoby eti shrifty mozhno bylo ispol'zovat' s LaTeXom sleduet dostat' tak zhe i paket literat-*.tar.gz - "virtual'nye shrifty" dlya LaTeX (T2A, OT1, T1 i TS1 kodirovki). Podrobnosti po ustanovke smotrite v fajle opisaniya etogo paketa.

PSCYR

Nabor shriftov Type1 dlya raboty s TeX/LaTeX - ne sovsem yasno kak tam s licenziej - po suti yavlyaetsya rezul'tatom perevoda shriftov iz formata ttf v Type1 (sam eti shrifty ne smotrel, no po sluham kachestvo ne ochen' - poetomu nikto iz pravoderzhatelej na eti garnitury i ne vozmushchaetsya)

Paket sostoit iz dvuh chastej:

  1. PsCyr-type1-*.tar.gz - soderzhit shrifty Type 1 i ih metriki. V paket vklyucheny garnitury: Academy, Advertisement, Antiqua, College, Handbook, Lazurski, Magazine, Textbook, ArialCyrMT, CourierCyrPS, ERKurierKOI8RRegular, TimesNRCyrMT.
  2. PsCyr-tex-*.tar.gz - soderzhit informaciyu o ustanovke, TeX metriki, opisanie shriftov, razlichnye kodirovki i primery ispol'zovaniya.

Najti mozhno po adresu ftp.vsu.ru

Avtor paketa: Konstantin Chumachenko.

Paradissa

Basil' K. Malyshev v 1993 godu vylozhil nabor kirillicheskih shriftov pri uslovii otsutstviya modifikacii paketa (podrobnosti smotri v licenzii paketa). Sam paket mozhno najti v lyubom arhive CTAN v direktorii fonts/cm/ps-type1/paradissa. |tot paket imeet nekotorye tehnicheskie "opechatki", kotorye mozhno ispravit' s pomoshch'yu prostogo skripta `corr-cmc.sh' privedennogo nizhe. Skript ispol'zuet utility t1disasm i t1asm iz paketa t1utils. 

#!/bin/sh

for i in cmc*.pfb; do

t1disasm $i | awk '
        /^\/Subrs [0-9]* array$/ {s=1}
        /^readonly def$/ && s {print "|-";s=0;next}
        /^\/.notdef {$/ {while ($0 !~ /} |-$/) {getline}
        printf "/.notdef {\n\t0 0 hsbw\n\tendchar\n"}
        {print}
' | t1asm -b > .temp

rm -f $i
mv -f .temp `echo $i | sed 's,\(cmc.....\).\.pfb,\1.pfb,'`

done

LucidaSO

Blagodarya, svobodno rasprostranyaemomu, distributivu StarOffice 5.2 (Sm. razdel StarOffice 5.2 stali dostupny shrifty LucidaSO (versiya 0.1 ot 13 avgusta 2000).

|ti shrifty mozhno najti po adresu: ftp://ftp.vsu.ru/pub/tex/font-packs/lucidaso/. Tam lezhat i sami shrifty i vse chto nado dlya ih ispol'zovaniya s LaTeX i PDFLaTeX.

V paket vhodit tri shriftovye garnitury: LucidaSans, LucidaType, LucidaBright (vsego 32 shrifta type1). Podderzhivayutsya sleduyushchie kodirovki TeX: T1, TS1, OT1, T2A. Kirillicheskie shrifty soderzhatsya tol'ko v LucidaSans i LucidaType. Vsego est' 70 nachertanij.

Virtual'nye shrifty sozdany s ispol'zovaniem fontinst v1.914.

Dlya installyacii shriftov v teTeX (Sm. razdel teTeX) vypolnite sleduyushchie dejstviya:

V sluchae vozniknoveniya kommentariev, voprosov i "bug reports"  svyazhites' s avtorom paketa Vladimirom Volovichem po elektronnoj pochte TeX@vvv.vsu.ru.

dmtr-fonts

|to polnost'yu svobodnyj i sdelannyj s nulya shrift Dmitriya Sorokina. Najti mozhno po adresu ftp://ftp.chg.ru/pub/Linux/mandrake/7.0RE/disk1/Mandrake/RPMS/dmtr-fonts-0.99-ipl1mdk.noarch.rpm

sharatype

SHrifty Sergeya SHarashkina, kotorye mozhno najti po adresu sharatype-1.0b-ipl1mdk.noarch.rpm, iz kotoryj dva -- svobodnye, a dva okazalis' somnitel'nymi, tak kak sdelany na baze shriftov Peter Soos.

Vsyakaya vsyachina

www.d-s.ru

www.slavonic.orthodoxy.ru - cerkovno-slavyanskie shrifty

15.2 SHrifty dlya X-window

Naibolee chasto vstrechayushchiesya rastrovye shrifty perechisleny nizhe.

Krome rastrovyh shriftov v X Window mozhno ispol'zovat' Type1 Postcript shrifty, pravda ih ne stoit ispol'zovat' kak terminal'nye (obychno v etih shriftah otsutstvuyut neobhodimye dlya etogo simvoly), no v nekotoryh sluchayah oni predpochtitel'nee, tak kak yavlyayutsya masshtabiruemymi - smotrite razdel SHrifty Type1.

Cronyx

V X Window, eshche v konce 1995 goda, v kachestve standartnogo paketa byl vklyuchen nabor KOI8-R shriftov razrabotannyh KOI8-R Cronyx. |ti shrifty yavlyayutsya takzhe chast'yu XFree86.

Paket dlya XFree86 mozhno najti na lyubom FTP arhive, gde lezhit distributiv X Window, naprimer, neposredstvenno na oficial'nom XFree86 FTP arhive.

Imeetsya takzhe bolee staroe reshenie, naprimer, paket vakufonts, sozdannyj Sergeem Vakulenko, kotoryj stal osnovoj dlya paketa, vklyuchennogo v distributiv X Window. Ochen' vazhno, chto imena shriftov v staroj kollekcii ne sovpadayut so standartom polnost'yu. Vakufonts, v obshchem, neplohoj paket, no inogda mogut voznikat' razlichnye sverh®estestvennye oshibki. Naprimer, u menya byli problemy s Maple V dlya Linux, kotoryj padal po neponyatnym prichinam s paketom vakufonts, no prekrasno rabotal so "standartnymi" naborom.

SHrift -cronyx-fixed-* s polnym sootvetstviem koi8-r, v tom chisle s ramkami: http://www.ice.ru/lists/cyrfonts

Kollekciya Cronyx imeet novye versii, a takzhe pererabotannyj (i po moemu luchshij) variant by Serge Vaculenko, kotoryj vklyuchaet vse slavyanskie kirillicheskie bukvy, a takzhe i nekotorye "dorevolyucionnye" russkie bukvy.

Cyr-RFX

Krome rasprostranennyh shriftov Cronyx sushchestvuyut gorazdo bolee ergonomichnye shrifty iz proekta Cyr-RFX Dmitriya Bolhovityanova: http://www.inp.nsk.su/~bolkhov/files/fonts/cyr-rfx/ Ego shrifty predlagayutsya dlya vseh ispol'zuemyh kodirovok kirillicy.

xrus

Paket xrus (ne putat' eto s programmoj xruskb, ranee izvestnoj kak xrus) yavlyaetsya modifikaciej iznachal'nyh shriftov Cronyx. Ego mozhno najti po adresu ftp.kiae.su.

Poslednyuyu versiyu paketa xrus mozhno najti na stranicah Andreya CHernova: http://koi8.pp.ru/. Teper' ih adres http://koi8.pp.ru/dist/x6rus-2.3.1-bin.tgz (i versiya -- 2.3.1). Vozmozhno CHernov budet menyat' ih mesto, tak chto kogda delo dojdet do beta, mozhno sprosit v spiske cyrfonts o predpochtitel'nyh adresah.

European

Ochen' blagorodnye "izovye" shrifty mozhno vzyat' na lyubom zerkale GNU v kataloge intlfonts: konkretno, naprimer, European.tar.gz (131Kb). V Debian oni uzhe est'.

xcyr

Paket xcyr mozhno najti zdes': http://sawsoft.newmail.ru/LS/koi8-extended.html.

15.3 SHrifty dlya TeX/LaTeX

Pri rabote s TeX/LaTeX mozhno ispol'zovat' Type1 shrifty - gde ih mozhno najti - opisano v razdele SHrifty Type1.

Vnimanie: Pri ispol'zovanii Type1 shriftov v tekste, nasyshchennom matematicheskimi simvolami, vospriyatie teksta umerenno uhudshitsya (esli ne prinimat' dopolnitel'nyh usilij po soglasovaniyu shriftov). Matematicheskie CM-shrifty ne budut sochetat'sya s tekstovymi shriftami.

Nizhe opisany standartnye kirillicheskie shrifty LaTeX, kotoryh hvataet v 99.99% sluchaev.

lh

Luchshie kirillicheskie shrifty vseh vremen i narodov - krome shutok.

Blagodarya Ol'ge Lapko (Izdatel'stvo Mir) my imeem besplatnyj shrift, kotoryj pozvolyaet oformlyat' nauchnye teksty s pomoshch'yu LaTeX sovershenno ne zabotyas' o podborke shriftov dlya formul/teksta. Kak pravilo, eti shrifty uzhe est' v distributive LaTeX. |ti shrifty razvivayutsya - v budushchem obeshchayut novye nachertaniya (chto-to govorili pro Concreate - Konkretnaya Matematika). SHrifty lh vsegda mozhno dostat' po sleduyushchim adresam

Nachinaya s versii 3.20 (?) LH podderzhivaet standartnye kodirovki LaTeX T2A, T2B, T2C, X2 (krome perechislennyh podderzhivayutsya LCY, OT2, i dr.).

15.4 SHrifty TrueType

Sami shrifty ttf vpervye byli predlozheny korporaciej Apple, no svoego naivysshego rassveta dostigli s pomoshch' nebezyzvestnoj kompanii Microsoft.

Neskol'ko shriftov v formate Unicode sama Microsoft vylozhila dlya besplatnogo pol'zovaniya (ya tol'ko ne uveren v licenzii - mozhno li ih ispol'zovat' vne Windows) - tak chto idite na stranichku Microsoft Typography i ishchite poka ne najdete.

Blagodarya svoej populyarnosti shriftov v etom formate (v tom chisle i kirillicheskih) v seti mozhno najti v ochen' bol'shih kolichestvah, tol'ko, kak pravilo, oni imeyut ne ochen' vysokoe kachestvo, i poka malo programm pod Unix/Linux mogut ispol'zovat' ih bez "napil'nika i kuvaldy". No vremena menyayutsya - podderzhka ttf uzhe vstroena v X-window, s pomoshch'yu gnu-biblioteki freetype nekotorye programmy umeyut vyvodit' shrifty na ekran i v pechat' (naprimer prostejshij tekstovyj redaktor yudit).

Esli kto znaet gde mozhno najti kachestvennye i besplatnye (i ne ochen') ttf shrifty - to pust' soobshchit mne

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