kotorye iz proizvoditelej vse-taki vypustili drajvera dlya svoih izdelij, s sostoyaniem del na dannyj moment i ssylkami mozhno oznakomit'sya po adresu <http://www.idir.net/%7Egromitkc/winmodem.html>. 7.10. * Kak nastroit' USB ustrojstvo? <http://www.linux-usb.org/USB-guide/book1.html> <http://tldp.org/HOWTO/USB-Digital-Camera-HOWTO/> 7.11. * Kak borot'sya s super-novoj kartochkoj ili periferiej, naprimer c Intel EtherExpress (PCI)? Postavit' yadro ponovee. Pomogaet eshche ot tridcati boleznej. 7.12. U menya problemy s raspoznavaniem IDE CD-ROMa Soobshchite vashemu yadru (cherez komandnuyu stroku ili konfiguracionnyj fajl LILO) sleduyushchie parametry (zamenite hdc na pravil'noe ustrojstvo dlya vashego CD-ROMa): hdc=cdrom hdc=noprobe 7.13. Mne nuzhna proga pod Linux dlya vytyagivaniya fajlov, podderzhivayushchaya dokachku/proga tipa Teleport Pro dlya vytyagivaniya veb-sajtov... Proga nazyvaetsya wget <http://www.gnu.org/software/wget> 7.14. A kak nastroit' fido pod Linux ? Fidosoftu pod yuniksy posvyashchena otdel'naya eha <news:fido7.ru.unix.ftnl>. Polnyj spisok etogo fidosofta c URL poyavlyaetsya tam, v ru.linux i v ru.unix (ishchite po slovam FidoSoft URL Mini-FAQ), a takzhe lezhit na <http://www.sensi.org/download/fidosoft.html>. Gotovye pakety lezhat na <http://donlug.dn.ua/~aks/>. Est' neskol'ko variantov: 1. Mozhno nastroit' dosemu i chitat' fido i/ili zapuskat' mejler pod nim. 2. Esli vam nuzhen imenno linuksovyj mejler, to nuzhno ispol'zovat' ifcico iz paketa ifmail, qico ili binkleyforce, kotorye sami po sebe, dlya modemnyh soedinenij i binkd dlya BinkP-shnyh. ifmail beretsya na <ftp://oskin.macomnet.ru> ili <http://www.average.org/ifmail/>, qico - na <http://lev.serebryakov.spb.ru/download/>, bikleyforce - <http://adb.newmail.ru>, binkd - <http://www.corbina.net/~maloff/binkd/>. 3. V kachestve tosserov mozhno ispol'zovat' hpt ( <http://www.tichy.de>) ili Crashmail ( <http://www.freshmeat.net>). 4. V kachestve chitalki mozhno ispol'zovat' GoldEd dlya Linux. Ego rusifikaciya opisana v razdele "Rusifikaciya". 5. Camyj ideologicheski pravil'nyj variant - nastroit' gejtovanie eh v n'yusy i obratno. Variant ifmail+inn+sendmail dovol'no neploho opisan v <http://howto.id.ru> |toj zhe teme posvyashchen otdel'nyj faq, kotoryj poyavlyaetsya zdes', v ru.linux (ishchite po slovam fido unix faq) i lezhit na <http://www.cityline.ru/~jav/linux/> ili <http://lnx.net.ru>. Vmesto ctandartnogo gejtovatelya iz ifmail mozhno ispol'zovat' paket fidogate. ( <http://www.fido.de/fidogate/>) Pro nego takzhe est' russkoyazychnyj faq, kotoryj ishchetsya v <news:fido7.ru.unix.ftn> po slovam fidogate faq. Polezno zaglyanut' i na <http://f1838.euro.ru/fidogate/>. 6. Hody mogut ispol'zovat' passthrough tosser SqWish. Pri etom dlya passthrough pochty ne budet vypolnyat'sya nenuzhnogo gejtovaniya tuda-syuda, a sam nod mozhet chitat'/pisat' pochtu s pointovogo adresa. Beretsya v fehah AFTNMISC, DFTNSQSH. Vam nuzhen fajl SQW-X2ES.ZIP. 7.15. * Kak mne nastroit' zvuk ? Dlya Linux sushchestvuet neskol'ko sistem podderzhki zvuka. 1. OSS (Open Sound System) kommercheskaya sistema. Prodaetsya za den'gi, ne vklyuchaet v sebya ishodnikov, Krome Linux-a rabotaet na kommercheskih *NIX-ah. <http://www.opensound.com> 2. OSS/Free - uproshchennaya sistema podderzhki zvuka Vhodit v oficial'noe yadro Linux <=2.4, rasprostranyaetsya besplatno v ishodnikah. <http://www.linux.org.uk/OSS/> 3. ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) Al'ternativnyj proekt, podderzhivaet bol'she novyh kartochek, mnogie drajvera podderzhivayut Full-Duplex <http://www.alsa-project.org/> V RedHat-based sistemah est' utilita 'sndconfig'. Esli ona ne pomogla, ili esli takoj utility v distributive net, to chitajte Sound-HOWTO <http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO/index.html> Drajvera dlya kartochek na chipah Aureal est' na <http://aureal.sourceforge.net> 7.16. Kak vosstanovit' udalennyj fajl na ext2? Poprobujte vospol'zovat'sya programmoj lde: <http://www.datafoundation.org/lde/> 7.17. Kak smontirovat' ext2fs ne pod Linux ? Informaciya s <http://www.penguin.cz/~mhi/fs/Filesystems- HOWTO/Filesystems-HOWTO-6.html> Windows NT: (read/write) <http://www.chat.ru/~ashedel> Windows 9x: (r/o) <http://www.yipton.demon.co.uk> Windows 95/98/NT/2000: (write experimental): <http://uranus.it.swin.edu.au/~jn/linux/> OS/2: (R/W) na hobbesah, ext2_240.zip 7.18. Est' li v Linux vozmozhnost' sozdaniya szhatyh pazdelov po tipy doublespace dlya DOS? Est' modifikaciya ext2fs v vide patcha k yadpy. <http://www.netspace.net.au/~reiter/e2compr/>. Kpome sobstvenno patcha pekomendyetsya ytyanyt' e2fsprogs i ytility izbavleniya ot szhatiya. Ppi kompilyacii yadpa vklyuchite dostyp k development ficham. Katalog szhimaetsya pospedstvom 'chattr +c' 7.19. Kakie est' vozmozhnosti dlya hraneniya dannyh na fizicheskih nositelyah v zashifrovannom vide? Pomimo sistem tipa PGP, pozvolyayushchih shifrovat' soderzhimoe otdel'nyh fajlov, eshche est' vozmozhnosti dlya shifrovaniya na urovne fajlovoj sistemy. |ti vozmozhnosti, ih dostoinstva i nedostatki, ssylki na soft i opisanie nastrojki est' zdes': <http://drt.ailis.de/crypto/linux- disk.html> ili zdes': <http://encryptionhowto.sourceforge.net> Dva naibolee shiroko ispol'zuemyh varianta: · loopback encryption - vhodit v sostav international crypto patch ( <http://www.kerneli.org>. Trebuet kak mozhno bolee svezhie versii losetup i mount. Pozvolyaet ispol'zovat' lyubuyu fajlovuyu sistemu i dazhe derzhat' zakriptovannyj svop. · paket cfs, kotoryj mozhno vzyat' zdes': <ftp://ftp.zedz.com/pub/crypto/disk/>. Ne trebuet izmenenij v yadre, rabotaet kak nfs-server. 7.20. Gde najti ssh klient pod Windows ? Voz'mite TeraTerm ( <http://www.vector.co.jp/authors/VA002416/teraterm.html>) s ssh-plaginom ( <http://www.zip.com.au/~roca/download.html>), a eshche luchshe PuTTY ( <http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/>, umeet delat' perekodirovku KOI8-R --> Win-1251, s ishodnymi tekstami, v komplekt vhodit scp). Stoit eshche upomyanut' <http://www.datafellows.com> zdes' nahoditsya firmennyj klient ot sozdatelej original'noj, kommercheskoj versii ssh - tozhe kommercheskij, s 30dnevnoj trial versiej. 7.21. Gde vzyat' Java Development Kit for Linux? <http://www.blackdown.org/> tam zhe mozhno najti i nekotorye sredstva razrabotki i prikladnye programmy na Java Sravnenie benchmarks JAVA: <http://www.volano.com/report.html> 7.22. Mozhno li rabotat' pod linuksom s Oraklom? Na vse voprosy po oraklu pod linuksom otvechayut v <news:fido7.ru.rdbms.oracle>. Eshche est' zamechatel'nyj spisok rassylki ORACLE-LINUX@fatcity.com 7.23. Kak obrashchat'sya s klientskih mest na Linux (Unix) k baze MS SQL (WindowsNT)? <http://www.ibb.ru/article-2.phtml> 7.24. Kakie est' slovari i perevodchiki pod Linux? Perevodchikov pod Linux, znayushchih russkij, poka net voobshche (esli ne schitat' izdelie ot PROMT, poka chto nahodyashcheesya v sostoyanii beta-testirovaniya). So slovaryami delo obstoit gorazdo luchshe. Oleg Lomaka <mailto:Oleg_Lomaka@p7.f85.n468.z2.fidonet.org> predostavil takuyu informaciyu: Na <http://www.chat.ru/~mueller_dic/> nahoditsya clovar' Mueller'a (Mueller7accentGPL.tgz) i ckpipt "mova" (script_mova.tgz) dlya poicka nyzhnyh clov v etom clovate. Licenziya - GPL. Eshche tam est' ssylki na drugie slovari pod Linux. I eshche odin covet. Cozdajte fajl .movarc v domashnem kataloge, chtoby ne zadavat' vce vpemya pyt' k clovapyu iz komandnoj ctpoki. Codepzhimoe entogo fajla ppimepno cledyyushchee: -*-*-bold-r-*-*-20-*-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r -*-*-medium-r-*-*-20-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r -*-*-medium-o-*-*-20-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r -*-*-bold-o-*-*-21-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r -*-silsophiaipa-*-r-*-20-*-*-*-p-*-*-* #katalog co clovapem /usr/local/Mova/ #katalog, kyda pacpakovalcya ckpipt /usr/local/bin/ #nazvanie clovapya Mueller7accentGPL.koi /tmp / Posle chego dlya proverki mozhno zapustit' "mova table". Andy Shevchenko <mailto:Andy_Shevchenko@f192.n465.z2.fidonet.org>: Est' takzhe konsol'naya i qt-shnaya prosmatrivalka slovarej po imeni slowo. <http://gambit.com.ru/~wolf/dic/> Dlya linux mozhno zapoluchit' src.rpm zdes': <ftp://ftp.smile.org.ua/pub/linux/prj/slowo/> 7.25. CHem posmotret'/sygrat' ...? <http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html> <http://tldp.org/HOWTO/MP3-HOWTO.html> · AU, WAV, MP3 i mozhet eshche chego (na SB Compatible) - sox, mpg123, pod X - xmms · MIDI - playmidi, timidity · AVI, MOV - xanim, avifile ( <http://avifile.sourceforge.net>) - ne nastol'ko stabilen kak xanim, no podderzhivaet bol'she formatov i razvivaetsya. Rekomenduetsya pol'zovatelyam imeyushchim windows, tak kak ispol'zuet ot nih nekotorye dll (inache ne vpolne ponyatno, kak byt' s licenzionnoj chistotoj), mplayer ( <http://www.mplayerhq.hu>) - podderzhka Xv, DGA2, SDL, X11, neskol'ko variantov vyvoda audio, podderzhka vindovyh kodekov (.dll), rabotaet ochen' bystro (bystree chem vindovye pleery) no vrode by ne podderzhivaet 5.1 zvuk na DVD. A vot xine ( <http://xine.sourceforge.net>) 5.1 zvuk delat' umeet. · MPEG, VideoCD - Krome ukazannyh chut' vyshe avifile, xine,mplayer eshche smpeg ( <http://www.lokigames.com/development/>, mpeglib ( <http://mpeglib.sourceforge.net>) · JPEG, TIFF, GIF (eshche zhelatel'no PCX/BMP) gqview, gtksee, xloadimage, xv · I ne pod iksami - zgv Eshche rekomenduetsya pojti na <http://www.freshmeat.net> -> application index -> multimedia... Srazu s poslednimi versiyami i knopkoj download. 7.26. Igry pod Linux <http://www.linuxgames.org.ru> <http://happypenguin.org> <http://www.linuxgames.com> 7.27. Pochemu ppi zapuske tol'ko chto otkompilipovannogo a.out i voobshche nekotopyh ppogpamm ppyamo iz bash ili csh vydaetsya ...not found, a ppi zapuske iz mc vse nopmal'no ? V yuniksopodobnyh operacionkah tekushchij katalog otnyud' ne yavlyaetsya putem poiska po umolchaniyu. Mozhno ili nabirat' chto-nibud' vrode ./a.out, ili dobavit' '.' k $PATH, hotya dlya pol'zovatelya root nalichie tekushchego kataloga v puti yavlyaetsya opasnym. (a dlya vseh ostal'nyh - nezhelatel'nym) 7.28. Pochemu pri zapuske graficheskih programm poluchaetsya soobshchenie "Not running in graphics-capable console..." ? Hado vyjti iz mc pered tem kak. 7.29. Kak podklyuchit' VTxxx, PC, UK-NC po serial v kachestve terminala k Linuksu? (Alexander Voropay) Snachala neobhodimo nastroit' "zheleznuyu" chast', poskol'ku mnogie terminaly imeyut nestandartnye raz®emy vmesto DB-25. Vozmozhno pridetsya samostoyatel'no spayat' kabel' - nul'-modem. Primernaya raspajka takova : RX <-- TX TX --> RX RTS --> CTS CTS <-- RTS DTR --> DSR+CD DSR+CD <-- DTR GNG <--> GND To est' nul'-modemnyj kabel' s upravleniem hardware flowcontrol. Proverit', chto vse rabotaet, mozhno zapustiv minicom pod Linux ili TERM90, TELEMATE e.t.c. pod DOS i nastroiv sovpadayushchie skorosti i formaty COM-porta (naprimer 38400, 8-N-1). Vvod s klaviatury PC dolzhen pravil'no otobrazhat'sya na terminale i naoborot. Dlya UK-NC recept opisan na <http://www.chat.ru/~uk_nc/> Esli vse rabotaet, nuzhno zapustit' na dannom portu getty. V fajle /etc/inittab nuzhno propisat' # Modem/Terminal on Serial COM2: S1:2345:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS1 F38400 vt220 Gde F38400 - fiksirovannaya skorost' 38400 (opisanie v /etc/gettydefs), a "vt220" - nabor ESC-posledovatel'nostej terminala (to zhe, chto i peremennaya okruzheniya TERM). Posle etogo na terminale vy uvidete priglashenie Login: Posle vhoda pervym delom nado proverit', chto rabotaet flow-control, to est' pri massivnom vyvode ne teryayutsya bajty. Podrobnosti sm. v Serial-HOWTO <http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Serial- HOWTO.html> 7.30. A sushchestvuet li soft dlya zapisi CD-R pod Linux? Da. V prostejshem sluchae - sochetanie mkisofs i cdwrite ili cdrecord. Esli nuzhna graficheskaya obolochka - xcdroast ili BurnIT. Sushchestvuet takzhe sootvetstvuyushchij HOWTO. 7.31. RPM i napisanie .spec Nachnite s <http://www.rpm.org> v kachestve obrazca dlya .spec ochen' horosho podhodit avtorskij .spec ot nmap. esli vy hotite sdelat' binary rpm ne peresborkoj iz source, a imeya v rukah derevo uzhe ustanovlennoj programmy - prosto napishite spec iz odnih %files - rpm dostatochno soobrazitelen, chtoby ne delat' install, esli net %install. naibolee prostoj sposob sgenerit' spisok dlya %files - find /usr/src/test-install -type d \! -path \*/usr \! -path \*/usr/local \ \! -path \*/usr/local/bin \! -path \*/usr/local/sbin | \ sed -e 's|^/usr/src/test-install/|%dir /|' >> file.spec find /usr/src/test-install -type f | sed -e 's|^/usr/src/test-install/|/| >> file.spec estestvenno, esli ty stavilsya v /usr/local/eta-programma a ne ispol'zoval BuildRoot, to izvrashcheniya s sed ne nuzhny, esli zapuskal make install ot ruta - to ne nuzhna voznya s %attr, i, nakonec, %files umeet -f. (izvrashcheniya s -path - chtoby ne vklyuchat' ne otnosyashchiesya k tvoemu paketu katalogi /usr, /usr/local i t.d. Ha samom dele tam gorazdo bol'she) nu i rpm -bb etot.spec v zuby. (rezul'tat najdesh' v $RPMROOT/RPMS/${ARCH}/ ) 7.32. Napisanie/proiznoshenie nekotoryh slov. X Window System pishetsya imenno tak. Nikakoj s v slove Window net i pishetsya ono otdel'no ot X. Drugie varianty napisaniya - man X. Uslyshat', kak Linus Torvalds proiznosit svoe imya i clovo Linux, mozhno, sgruziv fajl english.au ili swedish.au s <ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/SillySounds/> |tot zhe fajl proigryvaetsya pri nastrojke zvukovoj karty s pomoshch'yu sndconfig. 7.33. CHto takoe "bNOPNYA" ? |to "Vopros" v vindovoj kodirovke. Naskol'ko mne (ak) izvestno, eto clovo pervym upotrebil Vladimir Butenko.