Internet.
EFF's Guide to the Internet, v.2.22 EFF's Guide to the Internet, v.2.22 (formerly The Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet) Copyright 1993, 1994 Electronic Frontier Foundation Internet Copyright (C) 1994, , SOFTCOM, Ltd. : SOFTCOM. http://www.eff.org/pub/Net_info/EFF_Net_Guide/Other_versions/Russian/ http://www.eff.org/pub/Net_info/EFF_Net_Guide/Other_versions/Russian/ SOFTCOM, Ltd. 123154, P.O. Box 18, Moscow, Russia Ph./Fax: +7(095)192-5816 E-Mail: softcom@glas.apc.org mailto:softcom@glas.apc.org  , SOFTCOM, Ltd. , Electronic Frontier Foundation , , Network World 1: , ! 1.1 ... 1.2 ! 1.3 Internet 1.4 Internet 1.5 1.6 1.7 - 1.8 2: (E-mail) 2.1 2.2 Elm -- 2.3 Pine -- , Elm 2.4 2.5 2.6 Unix, 2.7 - 3: Usenet I 3.1 3.2 Usenet nn 3.3 nn 3.4 rn 3.5 rn 3.6 3.7 3.8 - 4: Usenet II 4.1 , 4.2 (killfiles) - , 4.3 Usenet 4.4 , - 4.5 4.6 4.7 Usenet 4.8 - 4.9 5: Bitnet 5.1 Internet 5.2 Bitnet 6: Telnet 6.1 6.2 6.3 Telnet 6.4 Telnet (BBS) 6.5 " " - 6.6 6.7 - 6.8 7: (FTP) 7.1 7.2 Archie 7.3 7.4 -- 7.5 7.6 FTP 7.7 ncftp -- ! 7.8 "" -- 7.9 - 7.10 8: Gopher, WAIS WWW 8.1 Gopher 8.2 8.3 Gopher 8.4 Gopher 8.5 (WAIS) 8.6 (WWW) 8.7 , 8.8 - 8.9 9: 9.1 9.2 9.3 Internet 9.4 FTP 9.5 Oracle 10: 10.1 Clarinet: (UPI), (Dave Barry) (Dilbert) 10.2 (Reuters) 10.3 (USA Today) 10.4 (National Public Radio) 10.5 : 10.6 , 10.7 11: IRC, MUD , , 11.1 (Talk) 11.2 (Internet Relay Chat - IRC) 11.3 IRC 11.4 IRC 11.5 MUD 11.6 , , ( )! 11.7 11.8 12: 12.1 12.2 12.3 Usenet Bitnet 13: 13.1 13.2 14: -- ? A: B: Electronic Frontier Foundation  , , SOFTCOM, Ltd. Internet . Internet , , Internet , , Internet , , . Internet , . Internet . . EFF MIT Press, (Cristina Sanmartin), , . , Internet. , , SOFTCOM, Ltd. milvid@glas.apc.org mailto:milvid@glas.apc.org  (Mitchell Kapor), , Electronic Frontier Foundation Internet. Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Inter net. EFF - , , , , . Internet, , . , In ternet , , . Internet , - Internet. Internet EFF MIT Press, , , (Steve Cisler) Apple Computer, Inc., 1991 . Apple Computer EFF (Adam Gaffin) , 1991 . , "Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet". , Inter net . ASCII , . . , , , , , , , , . Internet , ASCII, Windows Help, World-Wide Web, PostScript AmigaGuide. . , ftp ftp.eff.org /pub/Net_info/Guidebooks/EFF_Net_Guide/netguide.eff. ftp://ftp.eff.org/pub/Net_info/Guidebooks/EFF_Net_Guide/ info@eff.org. (/pub/Net_info/Guidebooks/EFF_Net_Guide/Udates/ ) ftp://ftp.eff.org/pub/Net_info/Guidebooks/EFF_Net_Guide/Updates/ EFF . Apple, , . MIT Press, (Bob Prior), , . EFF , . EFF - , , , . Electronic Frontier Foundation . , , . ! (Mitchell Kapor) Electronic Frontier Foundation mkapor@eff.org  , , Network World, Framingham, Mass. Internet! , , , , , . , . Internet : , , . . . , , . " " . . , , , . , . . , , . , . , - . , . , "" , . , . . ! , . , , ( Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet) Internet 1993 . (Nancy). , , , , . (Rhonda Chapman), (Jim Cocks), (Tom Czarnik), (Christopher Davis), (David DeSimone), (Jeanne deVoto), (Phil Eschallier), (Nico Garcia), (Joe Granrose), (Joerg Heitkoetter), (Joe Ilacqua), (Jonathan Kamens), (Peter Kaminski), . (Thomas A. Kreeger), (Stanton McCandlish), (Leanne Phillips), (Nancy Reynolds), (Helen Trillian Rose), (Barry Shein), "" (Jennifer "Moira" Smith), (Gerard van der Leun) (Scott Yanoff). - , . , adamg@world.std.com. , , , 1994  * 1: , - ! *  1.1 ... . , Internet - ( , : Internet). , - , , ( ) , . - . , . "" - . , . , ( ), "" . , , - "". . , , , . (). - , . . 2400 60 - . , 150 , 14400 ( ). , , . , , . , , , , . , . . , , , . ; - , , - . , , "" ( ) ("script") ("command"), , , , . , , . , . , . , Internet : "Ask. People Know." ( , ). , , . , : (upload) (download); (screen capturing), ("screen dumping"); (logging); ; . , , -, "ASCII" "", . (Upload) - - . (Download) - - . , "" ("up") , "" ("down") - . , "", . , , , . , . . , , , . , , "". . , - ) ; ) ; ) , ; ) . , , , - - , - , -, , -. . , ( , ) "" , . -. ( -, , , ) . , , , - . , - , . - , , , . , , VT100. , , , - , . - . . , : 8-1-N ( "8 , 1 , -" - - ?) 7-1-E (7 , 1 , ). , Unix 7-1-E, MS-DOS 8-1-N. , , ? . , , , , , . , , enter, . , ( ) , ( , ). , : ! - , , , . , . - . - ! 1.2 ! - , , , . "" . , . . UUCP (UUCP - Unix), . , , . Internet , , , , . - , . , - - , . . . . , , . . - , , , . , . ? ? ? , ; Unix. , , - , Unix, - - . Unix, , ( : , , ), " ", , Unix. Internet, UUCP . , , Internet, . , . 1.3 Internet , . , . , , , ( 7-1-E 8-1-N, ). , . : Welcome to THE WORLD Public Access UNIX for the '90s Login as 'new' if you do not have an account login: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIX 90- 'new' (), login: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- - . , new enter. , - , , (, 'new'). . : . - , ( ). , , . " " ("user name"). , , , . , - . (, "jdoe"); (, "johnd"); ("jxd"). . , ( . 2). Free-Net, , . . . , , . , , . : . , . Internet, , . Usenet ( ). , : FTP: - ( - ). . Telnet: , , , , . : WAIS: (Wide-area Information Server); , . Gopher: , . . IRC: Internet (Internet Relay Chat), , . , , telnet (. 6). , , ; Unix ( MS-DOS, ). , , CompuServe Packet Network SprintNet. , . ; , . . Nuance. . 35 ; 25 . : (205) 533-4296.  . PUCNet Computer Connections, (403) 484-5640. 10 ; 25 6.25 ftp telnet. : (403) 448-1901. . , (University of Alaska Southeast, Tundra Services), (907) 789-1314; . 20 . : (907) 465-6453. . Data Basics, (602) 721-5887. 25 180 . : (602) 721-1988. /. Internet Direct, (602) 274-9600 (); (602) 321-9600 (). : guest (). 20 . : (602) 274-0100 (); (602) 324-0100 (). . Victoria Free-Net, (604) 595-2300. . . Free-Net . . : guest (). : (604) 389-6026. /. Wyvern Technologies, (804) 627-1828 (); (804) 886-0662 (). 10 ; 15 144 . : (804) 622-4289. , The Meta Network. , . , . 15 ; 20 . : (703) 243-6622. CapAccess, (202), 785-1523. : guest () visitor. Free-Net ( - . , ). . : (202) 994-4245. . : , Express Access Clarknet. . Systems Solutions, (302) 378-1881. 20 ; 25 Internet. : (800) 331-1386 . Netcom, (303) 758-0101. . , . . Prarienet Free-Net, (217) 255-9000. . : visitor (). - ; 25 . : (217) 244-1962. . MCSNet, (312) 248-0900. 25 65 ; 30 15 . : (312) 248-UNIX. . Peoria Free-Net, (309) 674-1100. Cleveland Free-Net, . . Usenet . , Peoria Free-Net. , , . ( ) . . : (309) 677-2544. . Holonet. . (510) 704-1058. . 60 , 2 . : (510) 704-0160. . Portal. Unix, . (408) 725-0561 (2400 ); (408) 973-8091 (9600/14400 ). 19.95 , 19.95 . : (408) 973-9111. . Dial N' CERF. . - / . Kaiwan Public Access Internet, (714) 539-5726; (310) 527-7358. 15 ; 11 ( ). : (714) 638-2139. . Dial N' CERF. . - . Dial N' CERF. . - . Dial N' CERF. . - . (Institute for Global Communications)., (415) 322-0284. Unix. . : new (). 10 3 . : (415) 442-0220. -. Dial N' CERF USA, (California Education and Research Federation). -, , , . (800) 876-CERF (619) 534-5087. - 50 ; 20 5 (3 ). : (800) 876-2373. -. CTS Network Services, (619) 637-3660. : help (). 15 , 10 23 . : (619) 637-3637. -. Cyberspace Station, (619) 634-1376. Unix. : guest (). : 10 ; 15 60 . -. Pathways. . . 25 ; 8 3 . : (415) 346-4188. -. Netcom, (510) 865-9004 426-6610; (408) 241-9760; (415) 424-0131 ( 9600 ). Unix. Usenet. : guest (). 15 , 17.50 , ( 19.50 ). : (408) 554-UNIX. -. A2i, (408) 293-9010. : guest (). 20 ; 45 ; 72 . . Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link WELL, (415) 332-6106. Picospan - Unix . . 200 , WELL. : newuser ( ). 15 2 . CompuServe Packet Network 4.50 . : (415) 332-4335. : (800) 326-8354 ( ). . (Communications Accessibles Montreal), (514) 931-7178 (9600 ); (514) 931-2333 (2400 ). 25 . : (514) 931-0749. /. CNS, (719) 570-1700 ( ); (303) 758-2656 (). , . Unix. : new (). 35 ; 2.75 ( 10 ). : (719) 592- 1240. . Old Colorado City Communications, (719) 632- 4111. : newuser ( ). 25 . : (719) 632-4848. . Denver Free-Net, (303) 270-4865. . . Free-Net . . : guest (). . Colorado SuperNet. . . . , . 3 (1 6 .); 20 . : (303) 273-3471. . Internet Access Company, (617) 275-0331. , . 20 ; 19.50 . : (617) 275-2221. . The World, (617) 739-9753. "Online Book Initiative" ( " ") - , . : new (). 5 2 20 20 . CompuServe Packet Network 5.60 . : (617) 739-0202. . North Shore Access, (617) 593-4557. : new (). 10 10 ; 1 . : (617) 593-3110. . NovaLink, (508) 754-4009. : info. 12.95 ( ); 9.95 ( ) 1.80 . : (800) 274-2814. . MSEN. . Unix. : 20 ; 20 . : (313) 998-4562. . Michnet. . , . 35 40 .