1.
1.1.
-
XENIX. .
" ",
, ,
.
, , , -
.
"" , , , -
,
.
_______________________________________________________
,
XENIX,
, ,
.
__________________________________________________
1.2. XENIX
XENIX -
-
. -
XENIX, , -
: -
XENIX
XENIX.
1.3. XENIX
XENIX
XENIX. -
, -
. , ,
, -
, .
XENIX "" "-
" . -
- 1 -
, -
.
-
,
, -
.
UNIX ( , XENIX)
, -
,
-
. , XENIX
MS-DOS, -
16
. , DOS,
XENIX ,
DOS. XENIX
-
, -
, ,
Microsoft.
, XENIX:
- -
XENIX.
, "shell" XENIX
.
-
. ,
.
- - -
: , -
, -
, -
- .
- , -
.
- .
XENIX
, -
,
.
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.
- 2 -
- -"".
- ,
-
.
-
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,
-
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- , , -
.
1.4.
:
1, "",
XENIX.
2, " ", -
XENIX.
3, " ", -
, ,
. -
, ,
-.
4, "", , -
XENIX.
- 3 -
2.
2.1.
, -
,
XENIX, . ,
, ,
, ,
.
2.2. ,
, ,
XENIX.
.
- ; ,
. ,
. XENIX mkuser(C) -
-
.
XENIX, ,
. ,
, - ,
. XENIX
, ,
, .
. XENIX -
.
2.3.
"login:"
. -
, , , , -
,
.
, -
BREAK INTERRUPT.
"login:",
, RETURN;
, .
, . ,
, .
. RETURN
, .
- 4 -
TERM=(unknown)
(, ansi)
RETURN.
"-
", , ,
.
('$') ('%').
, ,
, :
You have mail
( )
,
.
2.4.
, -,
, . -
:
date
RETURN.
:
Mon Jun 16 14:17:10 EST 1985
RETURN ,
. RETURN
, ,
.
RETURN ENTER CR,
.
, ,
who, , -
. who :
you console Jan 16 14:00
joe tty01 Jan 16 09:11
ann tty02 Jan 16 09:33
, ,
; ttynn -
, nn
. console -
- 5 -
,
.
, -
. , -
:
whom
:
whom: not found ( )
, ,
, XENIX.
who
WHO
, XENIX -
, .
,
echo. :
echo hello world
-
:
hello world
:
echo hello world>>greeting.file
echo
,
greeting.file. ,
('>>') "" .
:
ls
, . -
, :
cat greeting.file
- 6 -
"cat" (concatenate).
cat - -
.
,
XENIX , cat -
. -
,
:
hello world
greeting.file, :
rm greeting.file
, XENIX -
. , cp
"copy", ls - "list", cat -
"concatenate", mkdir -
"make diretory", chmod - "change
mode".
2.5.
,
, ,
RETURN. BKSP
. -
BKSP
, . ,
- , -
. , :
ddBKSPateRETURN
,
dateRETURN
Ctrl-u
. ,
, Ctrl-u
.
BKSP Ctrl-u ,
('\'),
"" -
. BKSP Ctrl-u ,
"\BKSP" "\Ctrl-u".
Ctrl-u,
.
Ctrl-u .
- 7 -
, -
BKSP : "\BKSPBKSP".
XENIX
, ,
. , , -
BKSP Ctrl-u
XENIX, , -
stty(C).
2.6.
XENIX ,
,
, , , XENIX
, .
, , -
, -
. ,
(.. " -
") ,
. ,
;
,
('$').
2.7.
.
-
, , ,
;
.
Ctrl-q. -
, ( -
) . Ctrl-s
, Ctrl-q
. ,
, Ctrl-q ,
stty(C)
XENIX
.
, " ".
2.8.
-
, INTERRUPT
( DEL,
DELETE, Ctrl-c RUBOUT).
BREAK, -
. , ,
- 8 -
, INTERRUPT
, -
, .
" -
", INTERRUPT.
2.9.
XENIX,
.
Ctrl-d .
, -
. -
Ctrl-d, .
3.
,
XENIX.
, ,
, , ,
. -
.
3.1.
XENIX.
XENIX
: (, ,
""), .
.
3.1.1.
,
, . -
. -
8-
.
,
, ,
. -
:
- ( ).
- ,
i-.
- .
- 9 -
- .
- .
- .
- .
. -
--.
-
,
. ,
.
. ,
, , .
chmod.
4 .
3.1.2.
,
, , , -
. "
". .
3.1.3. -
- - ,
,
, ( )
.
i- , -
. i- -
, .
i-.
/ i- ().
ls
, .
i- ls
.
-
, XENIX -
.
.
,
.
- 10 -
--.
, -
.
, -
. ,
, ,
. , , -
,
.
, -
chmod. , ,
umask.
3.1.4.
-
,
. , -
, XENIX
.
,
-
. "" - . -
.
,
.
, -
.
,
.
- .
3-1.
usr
/| / | / | adam eve mary
/ / text1 / text
text temp
3-1 .
3-1 usr
. , text
mary
eve. ,
eve,
eve mary ,
,
, -
. , mary
- 11 -
eve, :
pr /usr/eve/text
eve ,
mary:
ls /usr/mary
3.2.
- ,
. XENIX -
, -
, , , . -
, XENIX - ,
.
,
XENIX ,
" ". 3-2
-
. -
, .
i- ; -
"".
,
"" . -
, (
),
.
. -
-
XENIX, -
.
/ ()
/| / | / | bin usr dev
/ / cmd / tty
doug neil
/ | | / | | mail news text data
3-2
3-2 "" .
bin, usr, doug neil
. XENIX ,
"/". mail, news,
text data ,
"" . , cmd -
, . tty -
.
- 12 -
3.3.
XENIX , -
,
( ).
-
.
;
. -
John
Albert Smith,
John.
3.3.1.
, -
('/'). , -
. -
. ,
-
. -
.
, -
, -
.
, -
. ,
""
ls. ls -a
. ('-')
,
. ,
('?'), ('*'), ('[' ']'),
, -
.
3.3.2.
,
-
, ('/').
,
, -
.
" " ( -
" ").
-
, .
,
- 13 -
-
.
, ,
" ",
-
. ,
, "
", -
.
cd. -
pwd.
3.3.3.
:
/
.
/bin ,
XENIX.
/usr , .
/usr/bin -
XENIX,
/bin.
/dev , , -
(, ,
).
/dev/console
.
/dev/tty
.
/lib , ,
.
tmp .
/usr/joe/project/A
;
A project, -
joe.
bin/x
; -
x bin -
. (/),
/bin/x.
- 14 -
/usr/joe,
/usr/joe/bin/x.
file1
.
XENIX -
, .
"" .
. XENIX -
.
:
. .
./xxx xxx,
.
.. "" -
. ../..
, -
.
3.3.4.
XENIX
-
, -
. , ,
-
, .
, ,
. ,
XENIX vi
.
. , , -
. ,
:
chap1
chap2
...
:
- 15 -
chap1.1
chap1.2
chap1.3
...
chap2.1
chap2.2
...
,
.
-
, .
, -
? :
lpr chap1.1 chap1.2 chap1.3 ...
.
, : ,
, -
. :
* .
[] .
? .
, :
lpr chap*
XENIX ('*') "
",
, "
, "chap"".
lpr; .
,
, :
ls chap*
:
chap1.1
chap1.2
chap1.3
...
- 16 -
;
.
, -
. :
cat *
.
. ,
1 4 9.
:
lpr chap[12349]*
( [ ] ) "
".
,
, :
lpr chap[1-49]*
( , 49 ,
.)
: "[a-z]"
"a" "z".
,
ls ?
, ,
ls -l chap?.1
(..
chap1.1, chap2.1 ...).
( '*', '?' [...]) - -
-, .
,
"?", :
ls '?'
, 4 " -
XENIX", " ".
- 17 -
3.4.
.
, XENIX
, ,
, .
,
, .
.
3.4.1.
, ,
, XENIX -
. -
,
,
. -
, -
, ,
.
. ,
, ,
,
RETURN.
-
BKSP Ctrl-u. RETURN
. -
. INTERRUPT ,
RETURN, -
.
, ,
(';'). ,
, :
date; pwd
, ('&')
.
"" c. -
,
.
du /usr>>diskuse&
, ,
/usr,
, . ,
- 18 -
diskuse
. -
3.6.1.
3.4.2.
:
cmd [][][][...]
,
. -
. -
.
('-') . ,
ls -l ( " ")
,
ls -r
.
, . -
,
ls -rl
, -rl
, -
.
,
:
copy -a -v
-a ,
. -v ,
.
, ,
, :
grep ' ' _
' '
,
grep _. -
, ,
- 19 -
.
-
, C
- .
, -
" ".
4 XENIX
" ".
3.5.
, XENIX ,
c ,
.
, :
cat
.
, -
Ctrl-d
.
:
RETURN
RETURN
Ctrl-d
Ctrl-d, . cat
.
,
.
:
$ cat
, ,
,
, . , -
"" ,
. -
- -
.
cat , -
, ,
Ctrl-d .
- 20 -
3.5.1.
XENIX
, . -
:
ls
.
ls > _
_
( , -
). ,
, ('>>'), "
, -
".
,
cat :
cat f1 f2 f3 > temp
('>>>>'), ,
, , -
" ". :
cat file1 file2 file3 > temp
" file1, file2 file3
temp, , ,
".
, temp ,
.
, ('<<')
" ,
". -
script.
:
ed < script
letter.txt,
:
mail adam eve mary joe < letter.txt
- 21 -
3.5.2.
XENIX
" ".
-
, ,
, .
:
sort frank.txt george.txt hank.txt
frank.txt, george.txt
hank.txt, . ,
. :
sort frank.txt george.txt hank.txt > temp1
uniq < temp1 > temp2
more temp2
rm temp1 temp2
, .
, sort
uniq, uniq
more.
:
sort frank.txt george.txt hank.txt | uniq | more
('|')
sort uniq ,
sort, ,
uniq,
more .
-
. ,
-
:
ls | pr -3
wc ,
, who -
, ,
. ,
, ,
who:
who | wc -l
- 22 -
:
ls | wc -l
wc -l
wc. , wc ,
. wc -l
.
, -
,
. , -
, .
,
.
4.
4.1.
,
XENIX. ,
,
XENIX.
4.2.
, XENIX,
.
. ,
. -
, ,
.
4.2.1.
, ,
"".
,
.
-
, ,
,
- . -
,
-
mkuser(C)
XENIX. ,
- 23 -
.
, , -
"login:".
,
INTERRUPT.
"login:", -
:
1. RETURN.
, Ctrl-u
. , RETURN,
"Password:".
2. ,
RETURN.
, -
. , RETURN -
.
,
"-".
('$'). , -
XENIX .
, :
Login incorrect
login:
,
. ,
;
.
, ,
,
, - : "
XENIX", , -
.
4.2.2.
,
Ctrl-d
. , XENIX Ctrl-d
,
- 24 -
.
Ctrl-d ;
, -
. , -
Ctrl-d , -
. , mail,
Ctrl-d ,
, ,
.
4.2.3.
, -
,
.
,
.
XENIX ,
.
, ,
-
. , .
passwd.
:
1 :
passwd
RETURN. :
Changing password for
Old password:
2 . -
. ,
RETURN. "Sorry", -
. 1.
3 , , -
:
New password:
RETURN.
4 :
Re-enter new password:
. ,
- 25 -
RETURN. :
They don't match; try again
1.
, -
.
4.3.
XENIX. XENIX
. , -
, ,
. , , -
.
.
4.3.1.
, ,
. -
,
, , , ,
. -
.profile -
. ,
tset, -
:
eval 'tset -m :\?unknown -s -r -Q'
unknown () -
. ,
vt100, :
eval 'tset -m :\?vt100 -s -r -Q'
-
:
TERM = (vt100)
RETURN, vt100
,
RETURN.
- 26 -
4.3.2.
,
stty.
. ,
:
speed 9600 baud
erase '^h' ; kill '^u'
even -nl
stty.
stty(C)
XENIX.
4.4.
, -
. .
4.4.1.
RETURN.
RETURN
.
, ,
, XENIX
.
4.4.2.
(). ,
Ctrl-u.
4.4.3.
.
, .
-
Ctrl-s.
Ctrl-q.
- 27 -
4.5.
(, , -
, , , -
) -
, .
, -
.
4.5.1.
, -
vi, 2
XENIX, "vi: ".
- ,
:
> _
_ - . ,
.
4.5.2.
more -
. :
more _
more , -
, . ,
memos, :
more memos
more , -
,
.
:
+_
,
_.
+/
,
- .
,
.
-c .
- 28 -
-r , -
.
, memo ,
"net gain", :
more +/"net gain"
,
.
:
RETURN
.
d .
.
n
n .
. .
,
.
/.
, "net gain", -
:
/net gain/
RETURN. more :
...skipping
, ,
-
"net gain".
more ,
, vi,
:
v
2 "vi: "
XENIX
- 29 -
vi.
more ,
.
, :
q
head tail , ,
.
.
,
memo, :
head memo
, -
head tail. :
tail -4 memo
memo.
cat . -
, Ctrl-s,
. Ctrl-q,
.
.
, INTERRUPT.
, :
cat file1
, :
cat file1 file2 file3
4.5.3.
cat -
.
, file1
file2 bigfile, :
cat file1 file2 >bigfile
, -
bigfile. ('>>')
cat
.
- 30 -
cat
. ,
file1 file2, :
cat file1 >> file2
file1 file2. file1
.
4.5.4.
mv
.
, , ,
, , :
mv
,
.
,
mv
. ,
file1 file2 /tmp, :
mv file1 file2 /tmp
, /tmp.
,
:
mv file1 /tmp
mv file2 /tmp
mv ,
, , ,
-
.
4.5.5.
, ""
: .
, ,
anon johndoe, :
mv anon johndoe
- 31 -
,
.
4.5.6.
cp:
,
. ,
filer, :
cp file1 file2 file3 filer
filer; -
. , .
mv, cp ,
, ,
, ,
.
,
. ,
, -
:
cp file filecopy
-
.
4.6.7, " ",
.
4.5.7.
, :
rm file1 file2
file1 file2
.
:
rm -i file1 file2
, -
,
file1 file2. y,
RETURN, ; n,
.
, .
- 32 -
4.5.8.
find -
.
, ,
, .
:
find _ -name _ -print
_ - ,
. find ,
,
, _.
-name ,
_. (
find, find(C) -
XENIX.)
_ - , .
-print ,
, -
_. -
, -
('>>'). ( ,
find,
; find(C) -
XENIX.) ,
memo /usr/joe -
:
find /usr/joe -name memo -print
, , :
/usr/joe/memo
/usr/joe/accounts/memo
/usr/joe/meetings/memo
/usr/joe/mail/memo
4.5.9. (-
)
ln
, -
, .
,
, , -
.
- 33 -
:
ln _
- , _ - ,
-. ,
memos /usr/joe -
joememos /usr/mary:
ln /usr/joe/memos /usr/mary/joememos
/usr/joe/memos ,
/usr/mary/joememos.
, - -
i-. i-
.
. ,
, 1/1
2/2 .
, :
1.
.
2. -
,
, , ,
-.
3.
. , -
, . ,
, ,
.
. ln(C)
XENIX.
4.6.
- -
XENIX -
.
.
, .
,
.
- 34 -
4.6.1.
.
pwd, -
"print working directory" ( -
). , /usr/joe,
:
pwd
:
/usr/joe
""
.
4.6.2.
lc.
, . -
, lc -
. lc :
lc
, work, -
:
lc work
:
accounts meetings notes
mail memos todo
, lc
. , :
lc
.
lc:
-a , ""
( ,
.profile .mailrc).
-r .
- 35 -
-t ,
- (
). -r
( -
).
-R ,
, ""
. "R" "recursive"
().
-F ('/'), -
('*').
ls , lc, -
,
, . ls -l
, :
total 501
drwxr-x--- 2 boris grp1 272 Apr 5 14:33 dir1
drwxr-x--- 2 enid grp1 272 Apr 5 14:33 dir2
drwxr-x--- 2 iris grp1 592 Apr 6 11:12 dir3
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 282 Apr 7 15:11 file1
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 72 Apr 7 13:50 file2
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 1403 Apr 1 15:22 file3
-
( ):
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
,
, 4.8 "
".
-
ls(C) XENIX.
- 36 -
4.6.3.
mkdir. ,
phonenumbers, :
mkdir phonenumbers
.
4.6.4.
,
, rmdir. ,
phonenumbers ,
:
rmdir phonenumbers
phonenumbers , ,
; -
.
, -
rm,
. -
rm(C)
XENIX.
4.6.5.
mv.
, little.dir
big.dir :
mv little.dir big.dir
;
.
4.6.6.
mv . -
:
mv _ _
_ - , -
.
, /usr/joe/accounts
/usr/joe/overdue, :
- 37 -
mv /usr/joe/accounts /usr/joe/overdue
/usr/joe/accounts
/usr/joe/overdue. ?????.sh 3 " "
copy .
:
copy _ _
/usr/joe/memos
/usr/joe/notes, :
copy /usr/joe/memos /usr/joe/notes
usr/joe/memos
/usr/joe/notes. copy :
-l ( -
) .
-m
, .
-r , ..
.
4.7.
XENIX
. -
,
.
- .
, -
. ,
, .
4.7.1.
. pwd,
"print working directory" (
). , -
/usr, :
pwd
:
/usr
- 38 -
4.7.2.
: ", " XENIX.
, ,
" " - cd:
cd
.
,
cd.
, :
cd /usr
/usr.
"" ,
"" .
, :
cd ..
,
/usr/joe/work /usr/joe. :
cd ../..
/usr/joe/work /usr,
.
4.8.
XENIX -
, , ,
, .
,
, ls -l.
:
total 501
drwxr-x--- 2 boris grp1 272 Apr 5 14:33 dir1
drwxr-x--- 2 enid grp1 272 Apr 5 14:33 dir2
drwxr-x--- 2 iris grp1 592 Apr 6 11:12 dir3
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 282 Apr 7 15:11 file1
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 72 Apr 7 13:50 file2
-rw-r----- 1 olaf grp2 1403 Apr 1 15:22 file3
. dir1,
- 39 -
, -
:
drwxr-x---
. -
:
- .
d .
c
, , .
b ,
, .
n (.. ,
).
s .
p , -
.
, ,
.
:
-
-
-
, -
, ,
(.. ) .
" " -
.
:
r
w ( )
x
- 40 -
-
:
r ; "x"
.
w ;
, "r", "x"
.
x . -
cd, -
, -
,
"x". ,
"x", -
.
-
:
d---------
. ,
.
drwx------
.
lc, ,
,
cd.
.
drwxr-x---
.
lc
.
,
cd,
. -
,
.
drwx--x--x
, -
,
lc,
cd.
,
.
ls(C) XENIX.
- 41 -
4.8.1.
chmod. , -
,
, .
chmod :
chmod _
.
-
:
u , .
g , .
o - .
a .
:
r - -
, .
w - -
.
x -
.
, , file1 -
:
-rw-r-----
, , -
.
, file1
, :
chmod a+r file1
(a+r), "a" "all" ().
-
:
- 42 -
-rw-r--r--
file1 :
-rw-------
:
chmod g+wx file2
:
-rw--wx---
, :
chmod ug-wx file1
4.8.2.
.
, -
, .
- ,
.
, , dir1
:
drwxr-xr-x
-
, :
chmod o-xr dir1
:
drwxr-x---
4.9.
-
, , , . -
XENIX
.
.
- 43 -
4.9.1.
diff. -
, .
, , men
:
women :
:
diff men women
:
1c1
<
---
<
diff3.
diff3(C) XENIX.
4.9.2.
echo .
, :
echo "Now is the time
For all good men
To come to the
Aid of their party"
:
"Now is the time
For all good men
To come to the
Aid of their party"
- 44 -
echo
shell. C. 4
" " -
XENIX.
4.9.3.
sort. , sort
ASCII, . . .
, phonelist,
:
sort phonelist
. -
phonelist phonesort, :
sort phonelist > phonesort
, sort
. ,
who, :
who | sort >whosort
who,
whosort.
sort .
. sort(C)
XENIX.
4.9.4.
grep , -
. ,
, "tty38",
:
grep 'tty38' file
,
,
.
,
phonelist, ,
. ,
.
- 45 -
grep,
Joe, 822.
:
grep 'Joe' phonelist | grep '822-' >joes.number
grep , "Joe".
grep, , "822-"
Joe. -
, ,
Joe, 822,
joes.number.
grep,
"" fgrep egrep,
, (
" "), grep(C) -
XENIX.
4.9.5. ,
wc - .
'wc' word count ( ). -
, , -
, . wc
;
.
, ,
textfile, :
wc textfile
,
:
4432 18188 97808 textfile
,
, -
.
-
:
wc -c textfile
97808 textfile
wc -w textfile
18188 textfile
wc -l textfile
4432 textfile
- 46 -
textfile,
, .
4.9.6.
at
. ,
,
.
at
:
cat | at
- ,
. - , -
, "am" "pm", -
, , .
, ,
, - .
.
. , -
, . ,
.
, ,
,
,
use:
ps -a > /usr/myname/use
( ,
4 "vi: " -
XENIX).
, , :
cat use | at 10pm tues
RETURN. XENIX
. ,
, XENIX ps -a
use.
at .
, , -
, at -l.
, ,
. -
:
- 47 -
- .
- , (at batch).
- , .
,
-
. at -r
.
at -r :
at -r
:
at -r 504510300.a
504510300.a, ,
.
.
4.10.
XENIX
. ,
" ",
. -
, ,
. ,
,
, .
,
.
.
4.10.1.
, ,
; -
, .
.
, -
.
,
.
, ,
('&') . ,
,
- , :
- 48 -
wc file1 file2 file3 >count&
count. -
, -
.
,
. ,
INTERRUPT, .
kill,
.
4.10.2.
,
INTERRUPT.
, . ,
, -
, :
kill 0
- ,
:
ps
ps (PID)
. :
PID TTY TIME CMD
3459 03 0:15 -sh
4831 03 1:52 cc program.s
5185 03 0:00 ps
, :
kill 4831
4831 - ,
.
_______________________________________________________
, vi,
.
, , -
, -
kill. -
/tmp. -
.
- 49 -
__________________________________________________
4.11.
XENIX - ,
,
, : ,
, -
. -
.
4.11.1.
who ,
,
. , :
who
-
:
arnold tty02 Apr 7 10:20
daphne tty21 Apr 7 07:47
eliot tty23 Apr 7 14:21
elen tty35 Apr 7 08:36
gus tty26 Apr 7 09:55
adrian tty28 Apr 7 14:21
finger ,
,
. -
, finger(C)
XENIX.
4.11.2.
,
, .
ps "process status" ( )
,
. , ps -
:
PID TTY TIME CMD
10308 38 1:36 ed chap02.man
49 38 0:29 -sh
11267 38 0:00 ps
PID ,
- 50 -
-
. TTY -
, . TIME
.
kill.
, 4.10.2 "
".
, ,
, -a:
ps -a
, -
, -t,
. , , -
13, :
ps -t13
ps
, ps(C) XENIX.
4.11.3.
, -
, lpstat. lpstat -
, .
,
( ), -
.
lp,
. :
-_
- ,
( , -
), _ -
, .
, :
lpstat _
lpstat ,
, -
.
,
, , :
- 51 -
lpstat
lpstat -
.
,
, lpstat -p.
:
lpstat -p
lpstat -
,
.
lpstat
XENIX lpstat(C).
4.12.
XENIX, , -
-
.
, -
.
XENIX ,
,
,
.
4.12.1. : lp
, -
lp, lpr.
.
lp.
,
memo, :
lp memo
. -
, memo, report letter, -
:
lp memo report letter
, lp
.
, , :
- 52 -
pr4-532
("pr4") - ,
. ("232") -
.
, -
, -
. 4.12.3, "
", 4.12.4, "
:lpstat".
-
, -
.
lp
. -
pr.
textfile, :
pr textfile | lp
,
datafile, :
sort datafile | pr | lp
4.12.2. lp
lp ,
.
, -n, ,
. ,
report, :
lp report -n2
, -d,
, .. , -
. ,
.
report quick, :
lp report -n2 -dquick
:
-c .
,
.
- 53 -
-m ,
.
-o . , -
, -
12- .
, .
-r .
lp -
XENIX lp(C).
4.12.3. : cancel
. ,
laser-
245, :
cancel laser-245
cancel ,
.
lp , -
.
cancel
,
, .
, ,
slow,
:
cancel slow
,
,
.
4.12.4. :
lpstat
, ,
, :
lpstat
lpstat :
- 54 -
__________________________________________
| prt1-121 chrisw 450 Dec 15 09:30|
| laser-450 chrisw 4968 Dec 15 09:46|
| |
| |
|_________________________________________|
, ;
.
,
, ,
.
, -
lpstat .
, ,
daisy-256,
:
lpstat daisy-256
lpstat
.
-p -
, .
,
, :
lpstat -p
,
quick, :
lpstat -pquick
lpstat
, -
quick.
lpstat
XENIX lpstat(C).
- 55 -
4.13.
XENIX -
,
.
.
4.13.1.
mail ,
. -
, :
mail joe
joe - .
, -
. trl-d.
, , :
mail -s "C " joe
2:00
. Ctrl-d
-s
.
, . (
, -
-
-.) -
,
. .
3, "", XENIX
mail(C) XENIX.
4.13.2.
,
:
You have mail
( )
, :
mail
- 56 -
. RETURN,
.
, RETURN, -
,
.
, , mail ,
, .
:
'd', , , RETURN,
( ,
, - ). -
, 'q'. -
. XENIX -
mail(C).
4.13.3.
, write. -
,
joe, :
write joe
, , RETURN,
joe.
,
Ctrl-d.
-
, 'o' ( "over" - -
); -
, "oo" ( "over and
out").
4.14. -
XENIX ,
,
.
.
- 57 -
4.14.1.
date . :
date
.
4.14.2.
cal
. :
cal
, 1952 ,
:
cal 3 1952
:
March 1952
S M Tu W Th F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
.
, .
; "cal 85"
1985 , 85 .
4.15. -
XENIX
.
XENIX calendar
calendar, -
, , :
1/23
2/9
3/30 ..
- 58 -
4/27 2:00
9/1
calendar ,
,
. -
, .
4.16. -
,
, su. su -
,
.
, joe, :
su joe
RETURN.
, . -
su
, Ctrl-D.
4.17.
bc - -
, , -
. bc.
,
.
/* */
123.456789 + 987.654321 /* */
1111.111110
9.0000000 - 9.0000001 /* */
-.0000001
64/8 /* */
8
1.12345678934 * 2.3
/* */
2.58395061548
19%4 /* */
3
3^4 /* */
81
2/1*2 /* */
4
2/(1*2) /* */
1
- 59 -
x = 46.5 /* x*/
y = 52.5 /* y*/
x + y + 1.0000 /* */
100.0000
obase=16 /* 16- -
*/
15 /* 16- */
F
16 /* 16- */
10
64 /* 16- */
40
255 /* 16- */
FF
256 /* 16- */
100
512 /* 16- */
200
quit /* */
, ,
-
. -
.
5, "bc: ", XENIX.
- 60 -
1. ..................................... 1
1.1. ...................................... 1
1.2. XENIX .............................. 1
1.3. XENIX ............ 1
1.4. ........................ 3
2. ............................. 4
2.1. ................................... 4
2.2. , ........ 4
2.3. ............................. 4
2.4. ................................ 5
2.5. .......................... 7
2.6. .. 8
2.7. ............... 8
2.8. ........................ 8
2.9. ........................... 9
3. ..................................... 9
3.1. ...................................... 9
3.1.1. ............................ 9
3.1.2. ........................ 10
3.1.3. - ........................... 10
3.1.4. ....................... 11
3.2. ........................... 12
3.3. .............. 13
3.3.1. ............................. 13
3.3.2. ...................... 13
3.3.3. ...................... 14
3.3.4. ...................... 15
3.4. .................................... 18
3.4.1. ......................... 18
3.4.2. ................................... 19
3.5. ............................... 20
3.5.1. .......................... 21
3.5.2. ..................... 22
4. ....................................... 23
4.1. ................................... 23
4.2. ................ 23
4.2.1. ........................... 23
4.2.2. ......................... 24
4.2.3. ......................... 25
4.3. .... 26
4.3.1. .......................... 26
4.3.2. ........... 27
4.4. ............ 27
4.4.1. .................... 27
4.4.2. ................ 27
4.4.3. ............. 27
- 61 -
4.5. ........................... 28
4.5.1. ........................... 28
4.5.2. .................. 28
4.5.3. ....................... 30
4.5.4. ....................... 31
4.5.5. ..................... 31
4.5.6. ........................ 32
4.5.7. ........................... 32
4.5.8. ............................. 33
4.5.9. (-
) .................................. 33
4.6. ...................... 34
4.6.1. ..... 35
4.6.2. ............... 35
4.6.3. ........................ 37
4.6.4. ........................ 37
4.6.5. .................. 37
4.6.6. ..................... 37
4.7. ............ 38
4.7.1. ............... 38
4.7.2. .................. 39
4.8. -
....................................... 39
4.8.1. .................. 42
4.8.2. -
..................................... 43
4.9. ....................... 43
4.9.1. ....................... 44
4.9.2. ................... 44
4.9.3. ......................... 45
4.9.4. .................... 45
4.9.5. , ........... 46
4.9.6. ..... 47
4.10. ...................... 48
4.10.1. ......... 48
4.10.2. ................... 49
4.11. ............. 50
4.11.1. ................... 50
4.11.2. ............... 50
4.11.3. .......... 51
4.12. ................. 52
4.12.1. : lp ........................ 52
4.12.2. lp .............. 53
4.12.3. : cancel .... 54
4.12.4. :
lpstat ................................... 54
4.13. ............. 56
4.13.1. ........................... 56
4.13.2. .......................... 56
4.13.3. ........... 57
4.14. -
...................................... 57
4.14.1. .................. 58
- 62 -
4.14.2. .................... 58
4.15.
.................................... 58
4.16. -
...................................... 59
4.17. ................................ 59
- 63 -
Last-modified: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 04:46:06 GMT