. , 40. . - . , 12 " ". , -: 1941 . "" , - "-" 41. 16 1941 . - , , - 12 10 . . . 3% 5 42. . . , , 6 1941 . -43. , , . - , 9--12 . ' . 44. " , , ", "45. 30 1941 . , 30 1942 . " ,-- ,-- , , . , "4'. . . , . , , - . . , " , , , ... , . , , ". : "... . , , ..." ( --. .)47. m 48. . -- 1941 . 1942 . , , . -. 21 1941 ., 49. , , - 1 1942 . 30 1943 . , 13 " , " - "50. 29 1941 . 1 . . , -- -. . . , . . , . . . , 51. 1 1941 . , () . 70 (, , ) 80 , - . 10 1941 . 30 1942 . 400 (100 300 ), 500 , 200 , 2 . , 1 . | ,, 7 . , 1,5 . , 300 , 1250 , , 152 756 : 52. . , 53. , (, , , , . .) , 54. , . 65. - . ( ) . 56. , 57. . 3 1941 . , " , " (--. .), , ..."58.. , , -- , 6 1941 . -. , . 7 1941 ., -, 40 . . 50 . . 59. - 1941 . -60. , - 1 . . 5 . / "- ..., "61. 14 " - - ..." ,' 62. 7 1941 . - . - , 63. -. " , ", 11 1942 . . . 64. - , - -. , -- (6..1942 .), : (19.. 1943 .) (17.IV.1945 .)--65, . , 1941 . 360 778 - 545 . . 741 . 66. 1943 .. -, . . - , " , , , , ". 1945 . , "-. 67. . , , , " " . , , 68. , , , 69. - : , . ' , ; , , ( ) . 2 . 101--12 ", 200 70. , 1941 ., - (), . 1942 . - . , , 1942 . , "PQ", --"QP". "JW" "RA" , 51. 1941 . 7 , "" "PQ-6". 71. , - 15. % . , 1942 . . , "PQ-17", 1942--1943 . 1942 ., . ' 72, 764 337 , 1943 . 245 097 , 1/3 1942 .73. 1943 ., , , , - . , " , , "74. 1943--1944 . 8 191 , 3 . 8 , 2 % 20075. , 1944 . . 1944 . 1945 . 250 9 , 2 . 236 , , 9 230 76. , , 3 964 231 77, 3 700 000 --2 700 000 , 78. , %, , , 4,5 . , 25% , 79. , , , . 1941--1945 ., % , 40 "RQ-JW" 811 , 720, * 58 33 . " " %, , 42 813 . "QP-RA", , . , 35 715 , 680, 29 8 . " " 36 717 , 27 7 80. , , , , 1943--1945 ., . -- 1942 ., ' "PQ-17", "PQ-18" "QP-12", %"QP-13", "QP-14" 37 22 . , , . ' Documents of American Foreign Relations. Vol. 1--23 New York 1939--1967 Vol. 2 (July 1939--June 1940). P. 629--649. 2 The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. 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QP-17 130 , -111 43 -115 29 . 30- . , . 16 17 7 , PQ-18 42 . , , . 27 1942 . , 3. PQ-18 . 8 1942 . "" , . 18 -200 . " " 20 1942 . 27 -88 52 -87. "" , 1943 . 5- . "" 1944--45 , 26- , , . , , . 1943 , 5- . 1943 . 1944 . 60 -, 20 40 , 60 , 15 20 , . 1944 .--155, --186, 1 1944 .--175 4. , . , , , , . , 1943 . -138 . . , . , 5- . , -190 1942 ., . . . 1942 . 5- - "-240", . 1944 . -188, 1./124, . - . , , . - . , , , . , 1942 - , - 4- , . 1 Grooehler . Kampf um die Luftherrshcaft. Berlin, 1989 S. 58 The Rise and Fall of the German Air Force. Connectikut, 1969. P. 114. Fliegerjahrbuch. Berlin, 1977. S. 28. " Milifargeschichte, 1978. Hett 3. S. 329. . .    4- 1942 . , , PQ-17, , . , , "". 15 . , , . 5--8 , , -- "" . . "" ( )-- , . . PQ-17 , . , -3, , , , , , . "", "-38", "", . . 7- . 76- , , "", . . ; ; " ", " ". , - . "PQ-17" : . , , 800 , . . "PQ-17" . , " ", "" - , . , , . 7 "" , . , , . . 17 , , , , (" ", " ", "", " ") , , . , , c , , . . 9- " " " ", --""-- 23 " "1. , . "" . , "-457" , . 10 ( ) 30--40 , , . , "-" . "" " " . , . "-251" "-376" 2. , - , "", "", "", ". ", , , , , 60 - . , ". " 3. -2 , - . 10 30 10