:



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     John Keats
     Poems. "Lamia", "Isabella", "The eve of St. Agnes", and other poems
      
     . "", "", " . "   
      : . . , . . , . . 
     " ". ., "",  , 1986
     OCR  ..
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(  )              :
"   ,      ,  
   ".     ,    ,  
,          .      ,  
    ,    ,    
   .
      ,       
  (1814-1819)   ,         
 .      ,        
.    ,  

                                                   ...
                    ,  , 
                       ...
                    ("  ..." - "When I Have  Fears...",
                                    1818: .  ).

               -      
    , -    -
               .    
,    " " ("a joy for ever"),   
   ,         
.     ;      
   , -    ,        
, -          ,   
  .          ,   ,   ,   
    ,       
 ,            
,         .  
,         .

                                   * * *

         31  1795 .       
   .           -
,        :  1803   1811
.           .    
   ,            ,  
   ;        
. " "         
  (" " - "Imitation of Spenser",  
-  1814).  1804 .   ,     1810  -  .  -  
,  ,       ,  
 -   :  1811  1815 .    
                 
 ,    1816 .   ,     
 .        :    ,  
 ,         
,    ,    ,      
       .
                     (1784-1859),   
     -    ""
("The Examiner", 1808-1821).        
   .   1815  .      
 "        "  (Written  on
the Day that Mr Leigh Hunt Lett Prison).        
,         
 -,       IV.    
       "   ,      ,
         ".  {Blunden
. Leigh Hunt: A Biography. London, 1930, p. 69.}
       1816 .,      ,    
,             -
 " " ( Solitude,  1815),   1    1816  .  
 " "         
.        
    -  "        
" (On First Looking into Chapman's Homer,  1816).
             ,    
 ,         
          -   
 XVIII .,        ,   
 .         
, . . ,            
           ,  
          ;    
         
 .   "Examiner",  ,      
,  "     " (On  Extending
to the Poor the Blessings of Education,  1814), "    
" (State of  the  English  Poor,    1818).  {.:  Leigh  Hunt's
Political and Occasional Essays Ed. by Houtchens L. N. and C. W. London: New
York, 1962.}
                   
          ,   
                
  1789 .,     ,  
  . {.: Hancock A. E. The French Revolution
and the English Poets.  Port  Washington:  New  York,  1967;  Harris  R.  W.
Romanticism and the Social  Order  (1780-1830).  London,  1969.}  
          ,   ,   ,
,         -  ,  ,  .  
     -  ,  ,  .
     (    
       ),    
  (      
      
  ),            
 .        
  XVIII .      ,    
   ,             
,               
,   .          ,
,      ,            
 .
             .      
              ,
 "" (Poems,  1817).
         ,        
.   1817 ,    ,   ,   
 ,        ""  ("Endymion").  
        .          
,             ,    
  1818 .       .    
   1818 .
              .    
   ,       
.           
 (1778-1830).  ,  ,   
  ,    ,          ,
  ,           
. {.:  . .     
. ., 1970 ( " " (. 93-126)    "  "  (.
127-146)).}
        ,        
,              ,  
   ,     ,    
,   .     ,  
,          
       .    
     .          
 (           )  
      ,    .
                    
            1818  .    
",    " (Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil)  
    "" .
       ,         (1794-1852)
          ,  ,    
    ,        
  .
       1818 .                
;                 
      ( -  1818 .). 
     -            
.
       ,            ,
  ,        
.               "
 " ("Blackwood's Edinburgh  Magazine")    "  "
("Quarterly  Review")           "".
                 ",
,  "    ""  
 "     ".
          :      
     ,     "
",  " ",           "
".    "" -       "
",    ,   ;     
    ,      
     "  "  -,
    ,      .      
    ,  ,  .        
   III  "".
        1 .               
    ""  ("Hyperion"),  ,  ,
 .                "
 " ("The Eve of St. Agnes",  1819),      
     ,    .
      1819 .        ,      
 ,   .
        1819 .      .  
     ,       
    .             ""
("Lamia"),  " " ("Otho the  Great")  -      
,         "",    "
 " ("The Eve of St. Mark").
            , ,   
    ,     
.          ;  
   "   "  ("The  Cap  and  Bells")  
 " " ("King Stephen")  .
       1820 .          
              .
             ,   
  .        
 """, "", "  "    "
    ,           
 ,         "  "  
.
       1820 .             
 ,      ,    
,         23  1821
.     : "      
,             ,    
 ,      :  
,     ".         
 .       ,   ,
    -     ,        ,  -
  .
                          
     -    ""  ("Adonais",  1821).
      ,         
  ""  ("Lycidas",  1638),      
,         .      ,
      ,      ,  
         ,        
      .       
  .

                                   * * *

                 
          :      
   XVIII .    , 
  ,      -                 
 . {  .:  Hilton  .  Keats  and  His
World. New York, 1971.      .:
Bate W. J. John Keats. Harvard Univ. Press,  1963  (2nd  ed.  1978).  :
 . .  1)        .  .,  1973;  2)  
:  . ., 1978, . 6 -  (. 165-191).}
             ,  ,
     XVIII . , , , 
.    1814-1816 .          
:           .    
,     ,         
,   ,  ,            
: { " "    .      
   27  1821  .,          :
Rollins . . More Letters and Poems of  the  Keats  Circle.  Harvard  Univ.
Press, 1955, p. 117.}  "  " ("Epistle to My Brother
George",  1816).         "  "  ("On
Peace",  1814),     "  "  ("  ",    1815),  
 ",  29 ,      II,
  " ("Lines  Written  on  29  May  The  Anniversary  of  the
Restoration of Charles the 2nd",  1815),   "  
   "  ("Written  in  Disgust  of  Vulgar  Superstition",
 1816).
       " "  : "     ,    
  ...    ,  ,    ,
   ,    ,  , ,
 ".       
  ,    "  "  ("The
Pleasures of Hope", 1799).   ,   ,    
 ,     " " ("The Feast  of
the Poets", 1811)             
             
    .          
" ".      -    
.             ,
       .
      ,   ,          
  ,    . , ,  
"   ..." ("How Many Bards...",  1816),    
                
,    "  ,    ,    ...
 ".      ,  
                ,     
    .    "
    " ("Hadst Thou Lived in Days of Old...",  1816),  "
    "  ("I  Stood  Tip-toe  Upon  a  Littje  Hill...",
 1816).
         -       
      -   
  "  " ("Sleep and Poetry",  1816),  
     ,    
,       ,    
.  ,             
       .    
    . ,      
"     " (1816)   
     ;    
   ,      ,
      ,   .
           "    
..."  ("After  Dark  Vapours...",    1817),         
       ,
  .           
:    (,      ,  )
    ;     
;      ,   
    (,  ,  ,  ,  ,    )
        .
                 ""
(1817).           
 ,         
        ,      
 ,   .     
           
,     -    ,    
 ,    .    
,        "      
" ("the agony and strife of human hearts" - "  "),   
,            
 " ,      " -
("this dull, uninspired snailpaced life" - "", IV, 25).
         ,      
 -  ,   .         
,     ",    ,  ,    
". {    3    1818  .,  .  229.}.
  ,             ,      
   ,        
   ,    .          
,     .
           {.:  Evert  W.  H.
Aesthetic and Myth in the Poetry of Keats. Princeton Univ. Press,  1965,  p.
90, 132-133, 146-147. 155; Tate P. W. From Innocence to Experience:  Keats's
Myth of the Poet. - Salzburg Studies in English Literature, 1974.}  
        ,  
          -      
  .
         , ,     .
                 ,
     ;          
,     .  
     ,    
  ,           .
                 .
            ,    
   ,         
 ,             
        .       
   .          ,
  : "       
  ,          
  :     -        
    , .   -    
,   ,        ,      
,    -    ?"  {  .  .   
    . -  .:    
 . ., 1934, . 299.}
               
    ,        ,  
                ,  
  " ,    " ("the  idea
of Beauty in all things"). {     14-31 
1818 ., . 250.}      ,        ,  
  . "         ,
   ,   ". {  16  1818 - 4 
1819  .,  .  254.}  ,             ,
          "",     
" "               
" ",    .
                   
.         
  ,       ,  
          "  ",  
    ,          ,  ,
 .       .
                 ,    
""     - "  " ("The  Story
of Rimini", 1816),     V      "".    
  1818  .,      ,          
 ""  ",       ",  
        ,          
  .         
,       ,   ,
  .
                   
    :     
       .     
,       ,          
     . {    .:  Leoff
E. A  Study  of  John  Keats's  Isabella.  -  Salzburg  Studies  in  English
Literature, 1972, p. 24-214.}
               ,    ,
                
                    
.             .  
,  ,    ,             ,
    .   ,  
   ,         
      ,      ,   ,
 ,  ,         ,      
.
              ,  
 ,    ,              
     .               ,
.        
       ,      
            
.        ,         
 "",     ,        
 ,     .
              
     ,    
    ,      
,       (              
)    -      .
  ,  ,  "      
  ,    ,   
    ". {      21  
1817 ., . 211.}
         ,             
,  ,     .  
        ,    
   .      ,
   ,    ,  
    .

                                   * * *

        ,  ,  ,   
      "",      "".       
  ,    ,  
   . {     17-27  1819
.}  ,       ,  
  .         
,   ,        
  ,        ,  
 XX .   ,      
    ,          ,        
 .     ,   :  
   ,     .
        "" (" Homer") - ,    
               
 ,   ;  ,     . 
      "     
- ?.." ("Where's the Poet?..", 1818): " ,     
 ,        .      
,              ".  {  
  "" ("The Poet"),     
,   .       
:  "...                 ,
   ,  ,   ".}
     ,                 -   
   .   "   "  ("Read
Me a Lesson, Muse",  1818)       
 :  ,   ,         
    ,               
.
              
    ,      ,    ,  
.        
", , , ..." ("Welcome, joy,  arid  welcome,
sorrow...",  1818),     :
    ,    ,   
, ,  ,       
 .
               
   ,    
    ,    .        ,
        -   
        -    ,      
,       ,      
    ,           
.          "    "  ("two  dead
eternities") -           
    ,  -         ,
  (" Ailsa Rock",  1818).
                  
 ,        
   ,   (" , " - "Old Meg She
Was a Gipsy...",  1818);  ,       
   .
                 
"",          ,      
   ,       
       . {Grundy  I.  Keats  and
the Elizabethans. - In: John  Keats:  A  Reassessment  /  Ed.  by  K.  Muir.
Liverpool, 1958, p. 11; Ende S. A. Keats and the Sublime. Yale Univ.  Press,
1976.}  ,    ,  -          
 .      ,  ,
      ,      ,  
    .        
   ,        .    
     ,  
           .    
      .
     ""   ,    ,   ,
                  
 .         
           
 . ",         ,      ,
  ,           
    ".  {Finney  Cl.  L.  Evolution  of  Keats's
Poetry. Harvard Univ. Press, 1936, vol. 2, p.  473.  .      
  14  - 3  1819 .,}
      ,  ,      
  "",                "
. " ("The Fail of Hyperion. A Dream"  -   1819).
{  "" .: Stillinger 3. The Texts of Keats's  Poems.
Harvar Univ. Press, 1974, p.  230,  259.}  -,    
,         ,    
} .   ,        .
 : "       ,    ,    
  - ,    ".      ,
      : "...       ,
  ,        ,      
...    ,   ,  .         
    ?  -  , 
  ..."         ,    
  , -  )    ,  ,  
, -    ,     
         .
                ,   
 ,            
.         .
            "".   -,   
 ,      ,      
                  
  ",   ".        
     ,   .
            -   
      "" -     
,            ,  
     ,      
   .                
 ,         ,  
    .        
     ,       
     ,     
.
             -    ,  
    ,       
  .    "  ",  
   ,      ,  
  .
           "",           ,
  ,  ,      
     .      
  ,        ,      ,
  ,        .
             
.  ,   , ,     ,
     ,       
  .               
"   ".
                 ,  
,  " "   ,   "   ".
      ,  ,   
        ,  ,    ,    .
       ,         ,
    .       
" "   " ", "  "
     .
                
,    ,        
   -   ,  ,
 ,        ,    
  .            
" "  .     
      ,        ,    
   .
     ,           
      ,      
  :    
("         ",            ),
             ,
            ,   
   -    ,  "
,        ".  {      .
  . .           
  14  - 3  1819 ., . 259-260.}
          ,  ,
 ,      ,     
  ,        ,    ,
  .     , 
     .     
    ,        XIX  .    
.               
  ,   ,     ,  
     .
           ,             ,
    " "   ,  
    ,        
.               ,  
  , ,     .  
        ,  ,    ,
 ,  ,        
  ,      ,                 
,    . {    
,  -         ,        
  "              
--...               
   " ( . . .   
. -  .:  . . . ., 1969,  .  2,  .  275).}  
  , ,     ,      
       :  ",  -  
, -   ,       .   -
  ". {Hazlitt W. Characters of Shakespeare's Plays.  London,
1817, p. 113.}  ,     ,  "    
   .  -   .     
   ,   ,      ,  
 ". {Ibid., p. 2.}
               
      .   
 ,           
  .       "    "
     , 
 ,     ,      
.     ,     .

                                   * * *

       1819 .,     , 
                 .
        -        :
     ,   ,   
  .
           1819 .  "   "
("The Eve of St. Mark"), ,   "",    
,          .      
        ,        
              
   ,     
    .  , ,  ,
 ,    ,            
 ,         .  
      -    ,  
    ,    ,  
       .
        ,    "    ".  
           ,    
 . {     14   -  3  
1819 ., . 262.}          "    ..."
("Why Did I Laugh Tonight...",  1819),        
,     .      
     ,          
  ,        
. {     .: Ricks . Keats and  Embarrassment.
Oxford, 1974, p. 75.}
          ,    
1819 .:      ,  , 
       ,   ,    
 ,     ,     ,  
,     ,            
  ("" ",    "  -  "The  House  of
Mourning Written by Mr Scott",  1819).        
,         .
                
             (
"  " - "La Belle Dame sans Merci",    1819),
{.: Wigod J. The Darkening Chamber: The Growth of Tragic Consciousness  in
Keats. Salzburg Studies in English Liteiature, 1972, p. 155-156; Foss B.  La
Belle Dame sans Merci and the Aesthetics of Romanticism. Wayne  State  Univ.
Press, 1974.}      ( ".   
      " -  "A  Dream.  After  Reading  Dante's
Episode of Paolo and Francesca",  1819,  "" - "To  Sleep",  
1819).     ,    ,        ,
" ",      . {John  Keats:
Odes / Ed. Q. S. Fraser. London,  1971;  Gittings  R.  The  Odes  of  Keats.
London, 1970.}      ,    -   
       ,         
       ,        
,      ,       ("  
 ..." - "If by Dull Rhymes...",  1819).
         , ,     "  
"  -  "Ode  to   Psyche",      1819),      
  ,              .
      "  "  ("Ode
on a Grecian Urn",  1819). {     ,  
    ,       
    . .: Geppert E. . A  Handbook  to
Keats's Poetry. Ann Arbor, 1963, p. 570-571.}   ,  
     ,    
  .     
 ,                 
. ,            
:   " "       ,
  , -      .
               :  
 - ,          ;  
; ,          ;  
      -    ,       
    ;         :   
,      ,       ,    ,
     .   
,    ,    ,  
 ,     .  {Lyon  .  .  Keats'
Well-Read Urn. New York, 1958; : Shuster G. N.  The  English  Ode  from
Milton to Keats. Columbia Univ. Press, 1940, p. 268-287.}
              
 " " " "  ("Ode  to  a  Nightingale",    1819).
     ,         .
        -          .    
        (  II,  IV,  V,
VII).                  ,   
  ( I, III, VI, VIII).
        ,      ,  
  ,    . {.:    .  .  Three
Centuries of English Poetry. , 1967, . 161 -165;  :  Ragussis
M. The Subterfuge of Art: Language and the  Romantic  Tradition.  Baltimore;
London,  1978.}                 ,
   ,      
,        
 .         ,  
        ,        
   .          
,  ,              
,    .      
,              
  . {Finney Cl. L. The Evolution of Keats's
Poetry.., vol. 2, p. 609-610.}
               "   "   ("Ode   on
Melancholy",  1819)  " " ("Ode on Indolence",    -  
1819),         .  {.:
Bloom H. The Ode to Psyche and the  Ode  on  Melancholy.  -  In.:  Keats.  A
Collection of Critical Essays / Ed. by W. J. Bate. Englewood  Cliffs,  1964,
p. 91-101.}              
     ,    .
         ,               
,    1819 .     .    
,  ,  ,          
  .         "  "  ("Otho  the
Great", - 1819),   ,    .
    ,      
, , ,   .  ,    
   ,      ,   
        ,      
. ""       , 
     . {.: Beaudry H. R.  The
English Theatre and John Keats. - Salzburg  Studies  in  tnglish  Lterature,
1973, p. 178-189.}
           ""  ("Lamia",    -  
1819).    " "   XVII  .  
,        :
 - ,           .  
         ,  
 ,        ,      
,  ,  ,   .   
 ,   ,   -  -        
.
         :   ,   
   (scarlet  pain),          
,   ,  - ,       ;
  ,          
,   -      ,     
,      , . .   
 .
     -,  ""  -        
  ,         ,      
  "  " ,         
   .    
 ""        . 
     ,      ,    
      -      ,  
  .            ,  
  ,  ,          ,  ,  
"  ",    ,     
 ,        .      
           
   ,       
  ,    ,   -     -  
. {.: Little Judy. Keats as a Narrative  Poet.  Univ.  of  Nebraska
Press, 1975, p. 8789; Parsons . . Primitive Sense  in  "Lamia".  Folklore,
London, 1977, vol. 88, p. 203210; Brisman L. Romantic Origins. London, 1978,
p. 60-66.}

                                   * * *

       ""   ,  
         .    ,  
       ,    
  ,                   ,
 ,    .     1819
.       ,      ,      
"",   (  " " - "A Company of
Lovers",  1819,     "  "  -  "The
Cap and Bells",  -  1819) {.: Simpson D. Irony and  Authority
in Romantic Poetry. London, 1979.},   ( "  "
- "King Stephen",  1819).       
" ,          ",          
  "  "    1816 .
                      
   "" ("Bright Star",   -    1819)
{  ""      .        
(, . . )       1819  .,      1970-  .
         .    ""  .:
 . .    . ., 1973, . 141-144.}, 
     ,     ,    
  ,      "  "  ("  Autumn",    1819).
        ,    
         .   ,      
   , ,          
   ,  ,     ,   
      ,     ,
              
.                      
,         ,         
  .   ,          ,
  ,      .      
   -    ;      
               
,               
 .   ,  ,  ,  
  -                  
    .   
      :    ,  
,     ,          
,    .
           ,   ,    
  ;     ,    .  
,  ,     ;      
       (      
 -            
),     -         ,
     .
           , ,
,        ,            ;
         
      ,          
.
      1820 .      ,    
  .       
 .          ,    
     . ,     -
, , ,  -    ;  
   1848 .        
  .
                 
 ,      , -    
  : , , ,
    ,    ,  
,  ,       
               
,     .
              
     ,       
,     ,        ,      
,    ,    .    
            ,       
,      .      ,  
 ,   ,         
.
         ,        ,
                   
  ,  , ,   
    ,    .
     ,        "
"  -    ,   -      ,   
,    "  ".   -    
   ,  ,    
   ,   ,    ,
     ,      ,  
,   ,       
" ".
          . . ,      
 ,   , {Eliot . S. The Use of  Poetry  and  the  Use  of
Criticism. Harvard Univ. Press, 1933, p. 91-93.  .      .
  . -  .:  . ., 1973,  .
309-351; Allott M. John Keats. London, 1976, p. 48-54.  (Writers  and  Their
Work).}       .    
     ,      .
,        ,    
      .  ,   , 
  ,            ,
  .          
   ,         ,    
    .    
                
          ,      
  .             ,
    ,     
    .
            :     
"   ",  "    
   ,          
  -      ,      ".  {
   8  1818, . 225.      
   .: Matihey F. The Evolution of Keats's Structural Imagery.
Bern, 1974, p. 240-244.}  ,     ,
 "",         .      
,               ,        
,   .      ,  
    .        
 , . .  .
         ,       ,
, ,  ,       .    
     ,            ,   
,   ,    ,     
   .  ,         
  ,      :  "...
-   ,     - 
   ...". {   25-27  1818 .,  .  229.}
" !            
". {      22    1817  .,  .  209.}
    ,  ,        
"       ...   
  ". {   3-9  1818 ., . 231-232.}
       ,   ,   ,    
  "  ",              ,
, ,  ,  ,    ,  
     "",    ,    ,
       .
          ,     
,  ,         ,
    ,        ,      
,    .    , 
      ,      
    .

                                   * * *

        ,      ,      
           ,
, .
      ,   ,   
  - , ,    XIX .
-           
        "    ",    
  ,    "      .      
                    
   ,      ,  ,  
    ,                  
           ,      ,
    .
       ,         -  
" ", -       ,     
   ,      .     
 ,            ,
                 
 .
       ,             
    ,     -   XX . 
     .        
,        
          ,    
 .          
              
  ,              .
  ,  {.           
   (. 384).       
1930- .,   ,      ,    
 .    ,            .}
                  
  .
       1940-  .        .      .
,      ,  ,  
.                    
1960-1970-  .    .  ,  .  ,  .  ,  .
, . , . , . , . , .  ,  .
, . , . ,  .  ,  .  ,  .  ,  .
, .           
   XX .    XIX.    
,     .



Last-modified: Fri, 13 Dec 2002 12:07:12 GMT
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