"TOP" HEIGHT="24">before in compliance with as you requested in the amount of for in the event that if/ in case 135
kindly please
of recent date recent
partly person/ a specific name
subsequent to after/ since
the writer/ the undersigned I/ me
up to this writing untill now
A teper' sravnite dve versii odnogo pis'ma i posmotrite, chem vtoroj variant otlichaetsya ot pervogo.
Dear Mr Fergusson, With reference to your order for Nashito camcoder we are in receipt of your check and are returning same. I beg to inform you that, as a manufacturer, our company sells camcoders to dealers only. In compliance with our wholesale agreement we deem it best to refrain from direct business with private consumers. For your information there are many retailers in your vicinity who carry Nashito camcoders. Attached please find a list of said dealers. Hoping you understand. Yours truly...
Oshibka etogo varianta v tom, chto upotreblyayutsya slova "said" (zdes': "upomyanutye") i "same" ("ego zhe"), kotoryh voobshche nuzhno izbegat', a vmesto "deem" luchshe pisat' "believe". Prichastnye oboroty looking forward to your early reply, hoping to hear from you soon,. thanking you for your interest NELXZYA ispol'zovat' v koncovke pis'ma. Pishite zakonchennye predlozheniya: We look forward to your early reply: I hope to hear from you soon: Thank you for your interest. Teper' prochtem otkorrektirovannyj variant. 136
Dear Mr Fergusson, We have received your order for Nashito camcoder but unfortunately must return your check. As a manufacturer we sincerely appreciate your interest in Nashito. products. We are therefore enclosing a list of retailers in your community who carry a full line of our camcoders. Any of them will be happy to serve you. Sincerely yours...
Soglasites', vtoroj variant i ponyatnee, i v to zhe vremya vezhlivee. Napisav We are sorry ili I appreciate, vy sozdaete blagopriyatnuyu delovuyu atmosferu. Nikogda ne obvinyajte svoego klienta, ispol'zuya vyrazheniya tipa: "your error/your failure". Esli napisat' Because you have refused to pay your long overdue bill, your credit rating is in jeopardy, to eto budet vyglyadet' slishkom uzh agressivno. Vot bolee diplomatichnyj podhod: Because the $435 balance on your account is now over sixty days past due. your credit rating is in jeopardy. Dlya pozitivnoj perspektivy sotrudnichestva sohranyajte estestvennyj ton pis'ma. Dazhe esli vy zatragivaete nepriyatnye temy, bud'te taktichny i vezhlivy. V kazhdom pis'me adresat dolzhen videt' vashi dobrye namereniya, i togda dazhe banditu s bol'shoj dorogi budet priyatno vesti s vami dela. (SHutka.) Lyuboe svetskoe pis'mo stanet teplee, esli vy napishete obychnoe "please" ili "thank you". Vmesto We have received your order luchshe napisat' Thank you for your recent order, vmesto bezlichnogo Checking our records we have verified the error in your September bill -- Please accept our sincere apologies for the error in your September hill. Vtoraya versiya nashego pis'ma bolee udachna eshche i potomu, chto net neposredstvennyh pretenzij k tomu, kto eto pis'mo budet chitat'. Vezhlivost' -- eto, po bol'shomu schetu, oruzhie, i nado umet' im pol'zovat'sya. Vashe pis'mo dolzhno byt' v pervuyu ochered' orientirovano na klienta. K primeru, Please accept our apologies for delay yavlyaetsya prosto vezhlivoj formoj. No We hope you not been seriously inconvienced by the delay daet ponyat', chto vy proyavlyaete zabotu i uchastie v delah vashego klienta. Konechno, eto ne znachit, chto sleduet izbegat' mestoimenij "I" i "we", no uzh esli vy ih upotreblyaete, to uchtite sleduyushchee: 137 pishite "1" -- kogda govorite ot sebya lichno, a "we" -- kogda govorite ot lica firmy. NE UPOTREBLYAJTE imeni firmy, kak i vyrazheniya "our company" -- vse eto zvuchit neskol'ko napyshchenno, kak esli by otpravitel' vmesto "ya" postoyanno nazyval sebya polnym imenem... Vnimatel'nee i ne slishkom chasto ispol'zujte imya adresata v svoem pis'me. Esli za etim ne sledit', to boyus', chto vashe pis'mo poluchitsya slishkom snishoditel'nym. Teper' sravnite eshche dva pis'ma i poprobujte opredelit', chto delaet vtoroj variant bolee lichnym. Variant pervyj:
Dear Ms Mitchell, Having conducted our standard credit- investigation we have concluded that it would be unwise for us to grant you credit at this time. We believe that the extant of your current obligations makes you a bad credit risk. As you can understand it is in our best interest to grant charge accounts only to those customers with proven ability to pay. Please accept our sencere regrets and feel to continue to shop at Alien's on a cash basis.
Variant vtoroj:
Dear Miss Mitchell, I am sorry to inform you that your application for an Alien's charge account has been turned down. Our credit department believes that because of your current obligations additional credit might be difficult for you to handle at this time. Your credit reputation is too valuable to be placed in jeopardy. We will be delighted of course to reconsider your application in the future should your financial responsibilities be reduced. Untill then we hope you will continue to shop at Alien's where EVERY customer is our prime concern. Sincerely Yours...
POSTROENIE PISXMA Horoshee delovoe pis'mo dolzhno byt' horosho splanirovano i postroeno. CHto ya imeyu v vidu? Vam neobhodimo zaranee opredelit' vse, chto vy hotite skazat', otmetit' samoe vazhnoe, chtoby pis'mo bylo predel'no logichnym, zakonchennym i dostupnym. Nabrosajte chernovoj variant glavnyh voprosov. Perechislite vse detali, kotorye vam vazhny. Prover'te svoj chernovik: vse li k mestu? Ved' adresat dolzhen poluchit' tol'ko neobhodimuyu informaciyu. Dlya luchshego ponimaniya faktov, prichin i poyasnenij, a takzhe dlya usileniya emocional'nosti mozhno vozdejstvovat' na klienta i nekotoroj dopolnitel'noj informaciej. Inymi slovami, govorite vse, chto pomozhet vam poluchit' zhelaemyj otvet. Tol'ko ne pereborshchite! Starajtes' byt' nemnogoslovnym. Vy dolzhny chuvstvovat', kogda nado zakonchit' pis'mo. Esli ono, na vash vzglyad, poluchilos' slishkom uzh korotkim, ne poddavajtes' iskusheniyu zapolnit' chistoe prostranstvo lista ili Dopolnit' predlozheniya. Oshibkoj yavlyaetsya takzhe povtorenie odnoj i toj zhe mysli, pust' ona i kazhetsya vam supervazhnoj. Esli vy uzhe poblagodarili svoego adresata, to mozhete isportit' logicheskij stroj pis'ma, napisav v konce "Thank you again". Hotya mogut byt' i isklyucheniya. Vot kak, k primeru, vpolne vezhlivo, 139 taktichno i, ya by dazhe skazal, obnadezhivayushche menya poslali podal'she v odnoj disneevskoj kompanii, v kotoruyu ya, chetverokursnik inyaza, v svoe vremya (vot byl nahal!) pytalsya vlezt'.
Dear Mr. Goldencov, Thank you for sending us your resume regarding our employment opportunities here at the European Creative Center. Unfortunately, your candidature does not correspond to any of our available positions. We will however, keep your name on file for future reference. Thank you again for your interest in our company, and best of luck to you in your job search. Kindest regards, Pamela Young Office Coordinator
Zdes', kak vidim, "thank you" povtoryaetsya dva raza, no, na moj vzglyad, pis'mo ot etogo ne postradalo. Prosto Pamela YAng v vezhlivoj manere podcherkivaet: ej, dejstvitel'no, bylo priyatno, chto na kakoj-to tam francuzskij filial "Disnej Kompani" obratil vnimanie azh sovetskij (delo bylo v 1990 godu ) student. YA upominal o tom, chto inogda ne povredit nekaya dopolnitel'naya informaciya. No tut nuzhno dejstvovat''ostorozhno, chtoby tol'ko lish' podcherknut', no ne oslabit' glavnuyu mysl'. Inache prilozhenie nekoj dopolnitel'noj samostoyatel'noj informacii mozhet sbit' s tolku i uvesti v storonu. Vot predstav'te, chto vy poluchaete pis'mo s davno prosrochennym soobshcheniem, kotoroe zakanchivaetsya: Let us take this opportunity to remind you that our August Sale begins next week with three preview days for our special charge customers. Izbegajte razlichnyh izlishestv. K primeru: Because my husband's birthday is October 8 I would like to order the threepiece luggage ensemble in your fall catalog. 140 V dannom sluchae bylo by vazhnee ukazat' registracionnyj nomer bagazha, a ne datu rozhdeniya muzha. Ili vot eshche odin primer: I have received your invitation inviting me to participate in your annual Conference. Tak kak priglasitel'nye pis'ma dlya togo i posylayut, chtoby kogo-to priglasit', to slova inviting me yavno lishnie. Tak zhe oshibochno pisat' the green-colored carpet ili the carpet that is green in color. -Zelenyj -- eto uzhe cvet, i ne nado lishnij raz na eto ukazyvat'. A teper' posmotrite na sleduyushchij obrazec. If we cooperate together the project will be finished quickly. "Cooperate" uzhe oznachaet "vmeste", poetomu slovo "together" ne nuzhno. I voobshche, esli est' slovo, kotoroe zamenyaet neskol'ko slov, to ego i pishite. Tak, vmesto "as a result" mozhno napisat' "because", a vmesto "as otherwise" -- "otherwise". "Razgovornye" pristavki "up/on/off..." ne upotreblyayutsya v delovyh pis'mah. Pishite ne connect up/continue on, no connect/continue... Ne Mr Jones handled the job in an efficient manner, a Mr Jones handled the job efficiently. Koroche i ponyatnee. Sravnite dva sleduyushchih pis'ma. Obratite vnimanie na nagromozhdenie lishnih slov v pervom variante i na to, kak prosto izbavilis' ot nih vo vtorom. Variant pervyj:
Dear Ms Tompson, I am pleased with the invitation that'I received from you inviting me to make a speech for the National Association of Secretaries on June 18. Unfortunately I regret that I cannot attend the meeting on June 18. I feel that I do not have sufficient time to prepare myself because I received your invitation on June 5 and it is not enough time to prepare myself completely for the speech. Yours truly...
141 Variant vtoroj:
Dear Ms Tompson, I am pleased with the invitation to speak to the National Association of Secretaries. Unfortunately I cannot attend the meeting of June 18 because I will not have sufficient time to prepare, I received your invitation on June 5. I will be happy to address your organization on another occasion if you give me a bit more notice. Best of luck wth your meeting. Sincerely Yours
Vybrasyvaya iz pis'ma lishnie slova i povtory, tem ne menee bud'te vnimatel'ny i ne vycherknite chto-nibud' nuzhnoe. Tak, nekotorye iz zhelaniya byt' predel'no kratkimi opuskayut artikli "the", "a", "an" i predlogi, a poluchaetsya vot chto: Please send order special delivery. Edinstvennoe, chego zdes' dobilsya priverzhenec "telegrafnogo" stilya, opustivshij artikl' "the" i predlog "by" (chto, uvy, mozhno chasto vstretit' v zagolovkah anglijskih gazet i zhurnalov), tak eto rezkogo i bezlichnogo obrashcheniya. A pravil'nee bylo by napisat': Please send the order by special delivery. Kogda vy nabiraete delovoe pis'mo na komp'yutere, vsegda starajtes', chtoby ono umestilos' v ramkah ekrana, polnost'yu .bylo pered glazami klienta. |to osobenno vazhno uchityvat', esli vy pol'zuetes' elektronnoj pochtoj, gde zakony delovoj perepiski te zhe. NIKOGDA ne reshajte v odnom pis'me dve problemy srazu. Esli vashe poslanie soderzhit "dva yadra", to bud'te uvereny: na odin iz ser'eznyh voprosov vy, skoree vsego, libo ne poluchite otveta voobshche, libo, v luchshem sluchae, vam otvetyat chastichno, vskol'z'. Luchshe stavit' voprosy tak, chtoby vashemu adresatu bylo legche otvechat' na nih (no tol'ko ne odnoslozhnymi "da"ili "net"). 142 Itak, vy uzhe ponyali: delovoe pis'mo dolzhno byt' "odnoyadernym". Esli vy tol'ko zaprashivaete svoego partnera o vozmozhnosti pokupki u nego video- ili audioapparatury, to ne sleduet tut zhe predlagat' usloviya postavki onoj. Luchshe napishite pozzhe eshche odno pis'mo.
ODNA IZ SAMYH VAZHNYH TEM: VASHE TRUDOUSTROJSTVO ZA GRANICEJ Tut, konechno, vashe pis'mo imeet bol'shoe znachenie. Ot nego mnogoe zavisit, i vam nado umet' sebya prepodnesti. Na chto sleduet obratit' vnimanie? V pervuyu ochered' na rezyume, kotoroe eshche nazyvayut "data sheet" ili "vita", kuda vhodit perechislenie vseh vashih dostizhenij: kogda i kakuyu shkolu, institut i prochee uchebnoe zavedenie vy zakonchili i kakoj i gde imeete opyt raboty. Perechislenie uchebnyh ili rabochih mest, chto vy uvidite na primere, idet po ubyvayushchej: nachinaete s poslednego mesta raboty i zakanchivaete samym pervym (s ukazaniem dat). Vtoroj vazhnyj moment -- eto vashe pis'mo-zapros, gde vy -- kak by i prodavec, i tovar odnovremenno. V vashem pis'me-applications, kak i v rezyume, no uzhe v bolee razvernutoj forme, vy doveritel'no rasskazyvaete o sebe, o svoem opyte raboty... Koroche, staraetes' ponravit'sya svoemu adresatu. Applications byvayut dvuh vidov. Pervyj vid -- eto pis'mo-hodatajstvo. Ego vy pishete, esli otvechaete na ob®yavlenie kakoj-nibud' firmy. V nem obyazatel'no dolzhna prisutstvovat' ssylka na ob®yavlenie ili na tot istochnik, gde vy vychitali eto samoe ob®yavlenie. Vot primer pis'ma-hodatajstva: 143
Rebecca Sprau 2544 South Fruitsnake Road Land Haute,- Indiana 54267 May 4, 1996 Mr Robert T. Smith, Vice President Indiana Petroleum and Electric Company 1143 Broad Street Land Haute, Indiana 47786 April 25, 1996 Dear Mr. Smith, Having served for the past several years as the sole secretary of a private business, I would like to apply for the position of executive secretary which you advertised in the Land Haute Journal, April 24, 1996. As secretary to the Benlow Corporation here in Land Haute I was directly responsible to Mr Jordanson, the company's owner. My services were generally those of a 'gal Friday.' In addition to typing, filing, and taking dictation, I was responsible for scheduling all the Mr Jordanson's appointments and telephone-calls. Essentially, I did everything I could to make Mr Jordanson's heavy responsibilities easier. Thus I am familiar with the duties of an executive secretary and believe I am prepared to anticipate and meet all your expectations. I would appreciate your giving me the opportunity to discuss my qualifications in person. I would be happy to come for an interview at your convenience, and I can be reached after 5, P. M. at 772 1747. Sincerely Yours Rebecca Spraut
Vtoraya raznovidnost' application -- eto "nehodatajstvennoe" pis'mo. Vy ne otklikaetes' na ob®yavlenie, a sami ishchete rabotu po sovetu ili prosto naudachu. V takom sluchae vashe pis'mo vse ravno dolzhno 144 soderzhat' ssylku na istochnik informacii, t.e. na togo, kto posovetoval vam obratit'sya v dannuyu kompaniyu. K primeru:
Dear Sir, This month I completed a three year course of study Tourism and Travel at the Bowker Business School, and my placement counselor, Mr. Robert Pliner, suggested I apply to you for a position as assistant travel agent.
Nu, a v ostal'nom vse, kak i v pervom pis'me. Teper' davajte rassmotrim, kak sostavlyaetsya rezyume.
Olga Smirnov 2300 West Fruitbridge Rd. Send Terre, Indiana 47811 (521) 777 12 48 CAREER OBJECTIVE: to obtain a position as an secretary with a large corporation. WORK EXPERIENCE: March 1995 Secretary, the Benlow Corporation. to present 620 West Second street. Send Terre, Indiana. Responsible for general running of the office of small private firms. October 1993 to Receptionist, Dr. Mark O' Roum, March 1995 703 South Fulton Str., Bern, Indiana. July 1991 to File Clerk, Ajax Insurance Company, October 1993 277 Westgage Ave. Berne, Indiana. EDUCATION: September 1989 to Judson Secretary School, Berne, Indiana. July 1991 Courses in typing,. Filing, Gregg shorthand, and business machines operation. Central High School, Berne, Indiana. Diploma, July 1989. SPECIAL SKILLS: typing -- 70 w. p.m. shorthand - 120 w. p. m. Languages -- French, Russian
145 V podrazdele CAREER OBJECTIVE vy pishete o svoej celi, t.e. o tom, kakuyu rabotu i gde hoteli by poluchit'. Zatem, kak uzhe bylo skazano vyshe, v razdele WORK. EXPERIENCE, nachinaya s poslednego i zakanchivaya samym pervym, vy perechislyaete mesta svoih rabot, t.e. kratko izlagaete svoyu trudovuyu knizhku s ukazaniem v pravom ili, kak zdes', v levom stolbce, s kakogo po kakoe vremya trudilis'. Kolonka EDUCATION -- eto, ponyatno, svedeniya o vashem obrazovanii: ukazhite, chto i kogda vy v svoe vremya s uspehom zakonchili. Esli sluzhili v armii, to ukazhite i eto pod otdel'nym zagolovkom ARMY SERVICE. K primeru:
ARMY SERVICE May 1981 to June 1983 private
Esli ne hotite vydelyat' svoyu armejskuyu sluzhbu, to i ne nado. Proveryat' vse ravno nikto ne budet. Nu, a pod zagolovkom SPECIAL SKILLS ukazyvajte vse, chto vy umeete delat' i chem mozhete pohvastat'sya: pechatat', po-ispanski govorit', iz sportivnogo luka strelyat'... V konce rezyume pod zagolovkom REFERENCE mozhete prilozhit' spisok teh, kto dal vam rekomendatel'nye pis'ma-harakteristiki s ukazaniem imeni, telefona ili zhe adresa. |to vovse ne znachit, chto im tut zhe nachnut nazvanivat', sprashivaya: "Kto vy i pravda li vse, chto napisano?". Prosto vash "referens" budet vyglyadet' vpolne ubeditel'nym. Vspomnite to, chto ya vam uzhe govoril: vse nashi vazhnye pechati ochen' chasto ne imeyut dlya amerikancev nikakogo znacheniya. Hotya prisutstvie pechati, mozhet byt', i nelishne, osobenno esli pechat' stoit pod dokumentom iz ser'eznogo gosudarstvennogo uchrezhdeniya, posol'stva, konsul'stva...
TEPERX VASHA BIOGRAFIYA Radi Boga, ne nado pisat' s kancelyarskoj tochnost'yu, v kakom godu i mesyace vy poshli v shkolu, vstupili v pionery, postupili v institut i tak dalee. Vse eti suhie statisticheskie dannye uzhe est' v vashem rezyume. Osnovnaya zhe cel' biografii (esli, konechno zhe, takaya trebuetsya) -- eto prosto poznakomit'sya s vami poblizhe kak s lichnost'yu, 146 proverit' vashu rech'... Vam zhe nuzhno vsego lish' rasslabit'sya i napisat' biografiyu v vide rasskaza, izlozhit' svoyu zhizn', vozmozhno, dazhe s shutkami. Ne zabyvajte, chto u BIOGRAPHY -- te zhe celi i zadachi, chto i u "aplikejshn form",-- raspolozhit' k sebe togo, kto budet chitat' vashu bumagu. Vot posmotrite:
I was born in a pretty cozy Bogodukhov town, that is out of Kharkov city, Ukraine. As my father military officer we travelled a lot all of Soviet Union around. So I spent my green years first in East Germany that influenced,on me greatly (they say I look like a German, joke), then we moved to live in Siberia where I played an ice hockey, entered the Secondary School and fell in love with rock music. After I finished the school, I failed my enter exams to the High School and joined the Army. Compulsary Army you know. In two years my military service was over and I' ve been working at the plant for two years too, and then, in 1986, I've finally entered the Minsk State Pedagogical Institute(recently Linguistic University) for Foreign Languages where I have met my real friends, studied English and French, was going for Archery and founded a local student theater and paper...
YA vam privel primer iz svoej biografii, chto ochen' ponravilas' rebyatam iz "Rejtera". My privykli pisat' uzh ochen' kazenno i suho, chego, kak vidite, v dannom sluchae ne trebuetsya. Teper' o harakteristikah, ili REFERENCE. I vnov' zabud'te obo vseh nashih sovetskih shtuchkah tipa "Tovarishcha Ivanova ya znayu kak principial'nogo kommunista, pravil'no ponimayushchego politiku partii i pravitel'stva...". Harakteristika, kak i inaya dokumentaciya, luchshe vosprinimaetsya anglichanami i amerikancami, buduchi podana v neskol'ko igrivom, druzheskom tone. Ne nuzhno byt' mnogoslovnym i skrupuleznym v faktah. Sleduet podcherknut' dostoinstva i pozitivnyj opyt raboty, vydelit' opredelennye cherty cheloveka. Koroche, posmotrite sami. 147
REFERENCE June 21, 1994 Ms. Roberta Vasqez The Vasqez Travel Agency 4765 Broadway New York, NY 10032 Dear Ms. Vasqez, I am happy to provide the information you requested regarding Jim Cash, with understanding that this information will be confidential. Mr. Cash has been a stock clerk and then a sales assistant in my store since September 1992. He has always been willing to work odd hours, including weekends and holidays, and has proven to be a hardworking and trustworthy employee. Sincerely Yours, Brian Muller Proprietor
|to, po-moemu, ochen' udachnyj primer horoshego "referens". Szhato i vpolne ubeditel'no. Sleduyushchij podrazdel pisem-harakteristik -- eto rekomendatel'nye pis'ma. Oni otlichayutsya ot "referens" tem, chto esli v pervyh vy prosto soobshchaete informaciyu o cheloveke, kak o horoshem specialiste, to zdes' vy, estestvenno, rekomenduete ego: v konce pis'ma dobavlyaete ili daete ponyat', chto bez etogo parnya kompaniya prosto propadet. Nu, primerno tak:
Therefore, I can recommend Mr. Cash, without any hesitation for the position of your travel agency.
Rekomendatel'noe pis'mo v principe tol'ko etoj detal'yu i otlichaetsya ot "referens", a tochnee, vashej lichnoj rekomendaciej v konce, kak tol'ko chto bylo pokazano v primere. I harakteristika, i rekomendaciya dolzhny vklyuchat' obosnovanie celi pis'ma i perechislenie, po vozmozhnosti, vseh dolzhnostnyh obyazannostej i vy- 148 dayushchihsya kachestv togo, komu dayut etu harakteristiku ili rekomendaciyu. Takovy osnovnye principy sostavleniya dokumentacii, kasayushchejsya vashego trudoustrojstva. My ne zatronuli raznoobraznye ankety. No tam ot vas trebuetsya tol'ko postavit' krestik ili galochku v nuzhnoj kletochke ili pisat' tol'ko to, o chem konkretno sprashivaetsya.
PISXMA-ZAPROSY Lyuboj chelovek, malo-mal'ski zanimayushchijsya biznesom i sotrudnichayushchij s zagranichnymi partnerami, hochet on togo ili net, pishet massu pisem-zaprosov. |to pis'ma o chem ugodno: o zakaze tovara, tehniki, o predostavlenii nuzhnoj informacii i t.d. i t.p. Uchtite: vash takt i vasha vezhlivost' mogut stat' reshayushchim faktorom sotrudnichestva. Esli hotite, chtoby vas bystro i pravil'no ponyali, ne zabyvajte uchityvat', chto vash zapros dolzhen byt': a) kratok i specifichen: tochno po teme; b) obosnovan; v) s zakonchennoj akkuratno izlozhennoj informaciej. Sostavlyajte pis'mo tak, chtoby vashemu adresatu legko bylo na nego otvechat'. Inache... Vot vidite, chto poluchilos':
Dear Sir, Please send us information about your office copies so that we will know whether one would be-suited to our type of business. Yours truly,
|to tot samyj sluchaj, kogda kratkost' -- ne sestra talanta, a kuda bolee dal'nyaya rodstvennica. Avtor poslaniya, kak govoritsya, s vodoj vyplesnul i rebenka. Ni odin amerikanskij biznesmen, poluchiv takoe pis'mo, ne pojmet, chto zhe imenno klientu nuzhno, kakie konkretno kopiroval'nye mashiny, ego interesuyut, hotya u firmy, vozmozhno, etih kopiroval'nyh mashin prud prudi. Edinstvennoe, chto zdes' mozhet sdelat' biznesmen, tak eto prosto vyslat' klientu katalog vseh imeyushchihsya mashin bez vsyakogo soveta ili ob®yasneniya, chto i kak luchshe ispol'zovat' (a zapadnye sluzhby tem i otlichayutsya ot nashih , chto im ne lish' by prodat', no prodat' imenno to, chto pokupatelyu neobhodimo). Esli uzh vy i prosite vyslat' vam spisok kseroksov, k primeru, to ukazhite, kakie kseroksy vam nuzhny, s kakim rezhimom raboty, pod kakuyu bumagu, skol'ko predpolozhitel'no lyudej budet imi pol'zovat'sya i kak chasto... Koroche, soobshchite vse neobhodimye 149 detali, bez ucheta kotoryh vash kseroks vskore prevratitsya v grudu metalloloma, a vy budete vozmushchat'sya, chto vam prodali "kakuyu-to ruhlyad'". A delo-to v tom, chto vy mashinu nepravil'no ekspluatirovali. Ne znayu, kak sejchas, no ran'she, eshche paru-tropku let nazad, tak ono pochti vsegda i bylo. Zakupaet predpriyatie oborudovanie, a ono ne. rabotaet, potomu chto pod nego nuzhny sootvetstvuyushchie materialy libo rabochij-nemec... "Melkie detali" nikto ne vyyasnyaet, zato potom klyanut vseh i vsya, vot, mol, kakie den'gi na veter vybrosili. V to zhe vremya vam lyuboj amerikanskij prodavec lazernogo printera skazhet, chto tu bumagu, kotoruyu vy v nego zakladyvali, printer v zhizn' ne voz'met, potomu kak ona chut' li ne obertochnaya, a horoshej mashine nuzhna bumaga horoshego kachestva. Nu ladno, s kritikoj pokoncheno. Davajte teper' posmotrim pravil'nyj primer pis'ma-zaprosa.
W&M WILLIAMS & MAHONEY, INC. 1986 Wenson Street, Bronx, New York l0739 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - April 1, 1995 RFG Manufacturing Agency 4087 Nine Avenue New York, New York 10056 Dear Sir or Madam, We intend to purchase a new office copier before the end of the fiscal year. We would like to conside'r an RFG copier and wonder if you have a model that suit our needs. Our office is small, and a copier would generally be used by only three secretaries. We run approximately 3, 000 copies a month and prefer a machine that uses regular paper. We would like a callator, but rarely need to run off more than 25 copies at any time. We would also like to know about your warranty and repair service. Since our fiscal year ends June 30, 1995 we hope to hear from you soon. Sincerely yours,
150 Obratite vnimanie, kak legko adresatu budet otvechat' na eto pis'mo gde izlozheny vse nyuansy dela po trebuemym kopiroval'nym mashinam. Zdes' dana chetkaya kartina togo, chto vam nuzhno, i menedzher smozhet bystro i bez truda predlozhit' vam iskomoe. Voobshche ne stoit postupat' tak, kak sdelala odna ledi, prislavshaya zakaz na flyuger dlya ee novogo garazha i ukazavshaya lish' cenu iz kataloga, chto popalsya ej na glaza.
Dear Sirs, Please send me one of your weather vanes which I saw advertised for $34. 95. We have recently repainted our garage and a weather vane would be a wonderful finishing touch.
He nado pisat', dlya chego vam nuzhen flyuger, eto sovsem neinteresno tam, na toj storone. Opishite luchshe razmery, cvet i drugie neobhodimye parametry:
Dear Sirs, I have seen your ad in the Boston globe of Sunday, February 21, and would like to order the following weather vane: Model EPC-18 eagle with arrow, copper $34. 95. I would . like the weather vane sent to the above address by parcel post and charged, with any applicable sales tax and handling costs, to my VISA account (number 003 0971 A108; expiration date, 3/93). Yours Truly.
Mnogie kompanii ispol'zuyut dlya zakazov special'nye blanki-formy, gde vam nuzhno lish' zapolnit' pustye mesta. No tem ne menee vsegda est' kakie-to momenty, kotorye dolzhny i mogut byt' obsuzhdeny v ramkah pis'ma. Ne zabud'te, chto vash zakaz dolzhen zatragivat' sleduyushchie punkty: 1. nazvanie tovara, 2. ego nomer (po katalogu), 3. kolichestvo (skol'ko edinic v partii ili skol'ko partij), 4. opisanie (razmer, cvet, ves, material...), 5. cena, 151 6. vozmozhnaya skidka, 7. nalog, 8. sposob oplaty, 9. sposob dostavki, 10. zhelaemaya data dostavki i adres, 11. esli vy otvechaete na reklamu ili ob®yavlenie, to ne zabud'te ukazat' tot istochnik, gde vy razdobyli informaciyu. Vot vse bolee ili menee neobhodimye trebovaniya k pis'mam-zaprosam.
DRUGIE PISXMA Pis'ma vdogonku -- imenno tak ya perevel by, hotya, mozhet byt', i ne sovsem tochno, pis'ma, kotorye prihodyat k vam uzhe posle telefonnogo ili drugogo ustnogo soglasheniya s partnerom. Po-anglijski eto FOLLOW-UP -- podtverzhdenie v pis'mennom vide togo, chto bylo obsuzhdeno ustno. Na Zapade Follow-up -- eto chto-to vrode akta vezhlivogo napominaniya o tom, chto dogovorennost' ne zabyta.
October 10, 1994 Ms Christine Salls&Wright 65 Onigus Road Walker, Minnesota 56743 Dear Ms Salls, We are pleased that you will be participating in the Ecology Colloquium sponsored by the Committee to Keep Minnesota Green. As we discussed in our telephone conversation this morning, the Colloquium will take place on October 29 in the convention room at the Blackduck Inn. The Colloquium will begin with the keynote at 10:30 A. M. At 11:00, you will join our other guests of honor in a debate on the topic. The Cost Of Conservation: Public or Private Responsibilities. Following the debate, luncheon will be served in the main dining room, where you will, of course, be a guest of the Committee. Along with other members I am looking forward to our meeting on the 29th. Sincerely Yours.
Tak chto ne pugajtes', esli spustya edak dve nedeli ili mesyac (primerno v takom rezhime rabotaet nasha pochta) posle telefonnyh peregovorov s vashim kollegoj po biznesu k vam pridet pis'mo s davno prosrochennym i kanuvshim v Letu soglasheniem. Pomnite, my obsuzhdali, kogda i kak pis'ma pishutsya ot ruki? |to pozdravleniya ili soboleznovaniya. V pozdravitel'nom poslanii, kotoroe privoditsya nizhe, vpolne umestna propis', prichem dazhe s pravym naklonom, chto delaet pis'mo i bolee intimnym, i bolee prazdnichnym:
Dear John, Congratulation on your promotion to senior accounts executive. You have worked hard for Rainbow Consultants and I am delighted that your efforts have been rewarded. As you move into your new office and assume the weight of responsibilities that go along with your new position, please let me know if I can be of assistance. Sincerely.
Zdes' mozhno ispol'zovat' poluzakrytyj tip pis'ma. |to pridast vashemu poslaniyu bolee torzhestvennyj vid. Rukovodstvujtes' temi zhe principami pri sostavlenii soboleznovanij. 153
I NAPOSLEDOK -- PAROCHKA GRAMMATICHESKIH NYUANSOV Hochu dat' neskol'ko sovetov, kak, k primeru, ispol'zovat' zaglavnuyu, ili bol'shuyu, bukvu. 1. V citatah. Kogda vy privodite slova drugogo cheloveka, to vydelyajte nachalo citaty: My advisor says, "It is never too late to plan your career". 2. V voprosah, kotorye vam by hotelos' vydelit' ili na kotorye vy obrashchaete vnimanie svoego partnera: The real issue was, What were we to do about the problem? 3. V predlozheniyah, idushchih posle dvoetochiya: We found a solution: We will do the job ourselves. Samo soboj, chto vse imena sobstvennye, nazvaniya kompanij, geograficheskih mest i t.p. pishutsya s zaglavnoj bukvy. A vot to, kak vy pishete slovo "Yours" posle "Sincerely", principial'nogo znacheniya ne imeet, kak vy, navernoe, uzhe i sami zametili. Drugoe delo, chto vse pervye i poslednie slova titula pis'ma, adresa i obrashcheniya (Dear Sir/Sirs) pishutsya vsegda s bol'shoj bukvy. CHto kasaetsya znachka &, oboznachayushchego v anglijskom yazyke "and", to ispol'zujte ego v nazvaniyah kompanij (B&N, Lord & Taylor), no tol'ko togda, kogda tak prinyato v samoj kompanii. Drugoj znachok # upotreblyaetsya vmesto nashego No, no amerikancy sovetuyut ispol'zovat' ego ne v pis'mah, a v razlichnyh tablicah, grafikah. Nikogda # ne ispol'zuetsya dlya oboznacheniya nomerov domov. Kak uzhe govorilos', sokrashcheniya nepriemlemy v delovoj perepiske, no vot razlichnye latinskie sokrashcheniya (oni uzhe ne imeyut v anglijskom yazyke svoej polnoj rasshifrovki) vstrechayutsya chasto: cf. -- v sravnenii e.g. -- k primeru et al., etc. -- tak dalee i.e., viz -- to est' vs -- naoborot
O CIFRAH Kogda predlozhenie nachinaetsya s cifry, a summa bol'shaya, obyazatel'no pishite ee slovami: Two hundred sixty yards of wire are needed to complete this project. To zhe kasaetsya i bol'shih kruglyh chisel: Seven billion dollars. Ili zhe: $7 billion (vo summa!). Net, vse-taki luchshe pisat' cifru slovami, osobenno esli dlya etogo trebuetsya odno ili dva slova: six million rubles, fifty dollars. 154 V ostal'nyh zhe sluchayah, esli chisla mnogoznachnye, pishite ciframi: $ 56.99 3, 450, 000 dollars ili $3, 450, 000. Tol'ko ne zabyvajte o zapyatyh. V anglijskom oni stavyatsya, a u nas net. Nu vot, poka eto vse. Udachi Vam!
SLOVARX IDIOM, SL|NGA, USTOJCHIVYH I KRYLATYH VYRAZHENIJ, naibolee chasto vstrechayushchihsya v Amerike "Rediska -- nehoroshij chelovek. SHuher -- opasnost'...". Pomnite? |to iz fil'ma "Dzhentl'meny udachi", gde sbezhavshie iz tyur'my zeki pytayutsya perestroit'sya s "feni" na normal'nuyu rech' i po prikazu avtoriteta Docenta sostavlyayut pervyj v svoej zhizni slovar': M-da, ne znaya yazyka, dazhe v sobstvennoj strane trudno, chto uzh tam govorit' ob Amerike. YA uzhe pisal, chto solidnye slovari, uvy, greshat otorvannost'yu ot zhizni. Vse techet, vse izmenyaetsya, i rech' -- pis'mennaya, ustnaya -- tozhe, a toma slovarej pylyatsya na polkah. Dazhe kogda sostavlyayutsya novye slovari, proishodit avtomaticheskij perenos slov iz prezhnih, staryh tomov v drugie, novye, kotorye tut zhe stanovyatsya kak by novymi starymi. Odnako nuzhno li vam zerkalo, kotoroe pokazyvaet otrazhenie vcherashnego utra? Net. Tak chto dlya teh. kto uchit zhivoj anglijskij yazyk, prosto neobhodim nebol'shoj, no mobil'nyj slovarik, kotoryj gotovitsya ne desyatiletiyami, a kuda kak bystree, kotoryj otrazhaet polozhenie veshchej pust' ne etogo goda, no hotya by goda proshlogo, kotoryj esli i ne soderzhit akademicheskogo standarta, zato vklyuchaet tot material, chto nedavno prishel i utverdilsya... Vot ya i reshil predprinyat' takuyu popytku. Kogda v moej pervoj knizhke pro amerikanskij sleng vpervye poyavilsya slovarik, mnogoe iz togo, chto ya sobral, stranstvuya po svetu, ne uspelo v nego popast'. Teper' zhe, kogda vy derzhite v rukah etu knigu, dolzhen vam skazat': opyat' u menya sobralos' mnogo novyh slovechek i vyrazhenij. CHto podelaesh' -- nu ne uspevaet poligrafiya! A A p. vysshaya ocenka ili vysshij uroven'. about time n. v konce koncov, nakonec-to: It's about time you got up, Johnney! -- Nakonec-to, Dzhonni, ty vstal,-- s uprekom govorit Mik, glyadya, kak ego drug protiraet glaza posle pervoj pary zanyatij. 156 about to I. okolo, blizko, pochti: They were about to leave when Bill has come.-- Oni sobiralis' uzhe uhodit', kogda yavilsya Bill; 2. imet' namerenie, sobirat'sya: You know, the boss was not about to give any of his staff.-- Znaesh',-- zhaluetsya komissar Le Peshen svoemu naparniku i priyatelyu serzhantu Majklu Holduinu,-- boss dazhe i ne sobiralsya vydelyat' mne svoih lyudej. abra-cadabra tak i perevoditsya "abrakadabra", t.e. chto-to neponyatnoe. Kstati, ansambl' "Bitlz" sobiralsya tak nazvat' svoj znamenityj al'bom 1966 goda "Revolver". AC/DC adj. biseksual'nyj. Amerikanskij sleng, rasprostranivshijsya v shestidesyatyh godah i v Anglii. Tak chto avstralijskaya hard-rok-gruppa "|j-Si/Di-Si" -- eto ne tol'ko "tok peremennyj-- tok postoyannyj". ase p. bratan, luchshij drug. V pyatidesyatyh godah eto obrashchenie osobenno chasto vstrechalos' sredi amerikanskih negrov i belyh proletariev SSHA. Potom "ejs" rasprostranilos' i v Evrope: -- Neu, ase! -- Privet, druzhban! V tennise "ase" oznachaet moshchnuyu podachu, kotoruyu nevozmozhno prinyat'. V kartah "ase" -- eto tuz. Vidite, "ejs" -- eto chto-to moshchnoe, sil'noe i horoshee. Tak chto esli vas v Amerike nazyvayut ejsom, to znajte, chto eto ochen' neploho. ase v. obstavlyat', vduvat', uteret' nos, obhodit': Pustynnoe skorostnoe shosse Kalifornii. "Ford" serzhanta Holduina. Mashina na vsem hodu umudrilas' radiatorom pripast' k stolbu reklamnogo shchita, edinstvennogo na neskol'ko blizhajshih mil'. Sam Holduin krichit po racii komissaru: -- Bandity ushli ot presledovaniya! YA derzhalsya u nih na hvoste! No... These, fucking guys aced me! |ti rebyatki oboshli menya! acid head p. (sleng narkomanov) narkot, narkoman: -- Do you know Jimmy? -- Jimmy? This acid head? Sure! I know him! -- Ty znaesh' Dzhimmi?-- Dzhimmi? |togo narkota? Konechno zhe, znayu. acid rock p. "kislotnaya" rok-muzyka (tipa "Doorz" ili Krisa Ajzeka s vkradchivym proniknovennym vokalom i klassnoj zavorazhivayushchej melodiej). Kogda na golovy amerikancev v 1967 godu obrushilsya Dzhim Morrison s gruppoj "Doors", to v gazetah ego nazyvali ne inache, kak novym |lvisom, a gipnoticheski zavorazhivayushchuyu muzyku gruppy -- acid rock. action n. v centre sobytij, na grebne, na volne, v gushche. action man n. (brit. sleng) geroj, krutizna (v otnoshenii voennyh), kommandos, profi. 157 actually adv. "v nature". CHasto mozhno slyshat' v razgovornoj rechi: I don't know actually.-- V nature, ya etogo ne znayu. act up i. ploho sebya vesti, barahlit', delat' ne to: -- The engine acts up.-- Motor chto-to barahlit,-- procedil kovboj Bill, probuya zavesti svoi traktor. add fuel to the flame v. "podbrosit' drovishek", "podlit' masla v ogon'", t.e. usugubit': By jumping on John Beth's father only added fuelto the flame of his daugliter's love to thisguy.-- Postoyannymi "naezdami "na Dzhona otec Bet lish' tol'ko podlival maslo v ogon' lyubvi svoej docheri k etomu parnyu. add insult to injury v. phr. dobavlyat', usugublyat', dokanyvat': In the beginning of the exercise there was a big storm, then to add insult to injury our vehicle broke down. -- Serzhant morskoj pehoty Timoti Tshtson rasskazyvaet pro svoi pervye boevye ucheniya "Refodzher": Vnachale poshel zverskij liven', a potom vdobavok nasha mashina eshche razbilas'... after while adj. poka, chao, privet, arrivederchi, gudbaj: -- Af