.  yaPrteshRhy|eSHshch reryshch PSee®shU yahPhtyufyut 74 eyuehRr 'h®eyashPr

Speaking In Tongues
krt®r ®chSH®yut

e.yu.ohPtSXsher

yaPrteshRhy|eSHshch reryshch PSee®shU yahPhtyufyut 74 eyuehRr 'h®eyashPr
(ya.®. lrPXr® sh a.k. oreRhPer®)





b eyuehRrU 'h®eyashPr RPrfshZHshyueeyu tSHfhy¬ysh ®r® er'SHshch trceSHshch t ZHsh®yh 66 eyuehR. lhch tehU 154 eyuehRyut 'h®eyashPr, sSHR| 'yuchR, ershsyuyhh cherVshRhy|eSH', ershsyuyhh cshtSH', ershsyuyhh eyuUPreshtXsh' etyuCH eshyS sh tyahVrRy¬h'yueR| ¬ty¬hRe¬ eyuehR 66-yushch», - SRthPcfry yu.l. tshe®hy| [16: 161]. l66 eyuehR, - yashery ya.l.alhchheshe, - TrtyuPshR ®PshRsh®yut sh sheeyhfyutrRhyhshch. msh yus yufeyu' fPSuyu' Xh®eyashPyute®yu' eyuehRh eh yashXSR eRyuy|®yu, e®yuy|®yu yu 66-yu'» [8: 82]. l.l. lyuPyuchyut e®rchry, VRyu yue ershsyuyhh syshchyu® fPr'r' 'h®eyashPr, chr¬tsht, VRyu "eyuehR 66 'yuceyu sSH yayueRrtshR| SHCHyashuPrTyu' ® thysh®sh' RPruhfsh¬' 'h®eyashPr" [9: 283].
nfer®yu t freeyushch PrsyuRh 'SH er'hPheSH eyuePhfyuRyuVshR|e¬ er fPSuyu' - 74 eyuehRh. h tyuteh eh yayuRyu'S, VRyu yu 66-yu' e®rchreyu Sch teh shysh e®rchreyu eyshX®yu' 'eyuuyu, r yayuRyu'S VRyu 74 eyuehR Rr®ch sh'hhR yuuPyu'eyuh USfyucheRtheeyuh cherVheshh t RtyuPVheRth thysh®yuuyu yasherRhy¬.
b etyuh tPh'¬ er SHCHRyu yusPrRshy tesh'reshh c. jyuchsheZHht. b 1954 u. PhcsheehP uyuRyutshy yayueRreyut®S lcr'yhRr» er eZHheh khesheuPrfe®yuuyu uyueSfrPeRtheeyuuyu r®rfh'shVhe®yuuyu RhrRPr. b huyu RhrRPry|eyushch Phfr®ZHshsh shch eyah®Rr®y¬ eyuteh' shchSH'ryre| yshesh¬ tyuPRshesPrer, r t Tsheryh t ®rVheRth chrthPXrCHYhuyu 'yueyuyyuur cr'yhRr fyuyche sSHy yaPyuchtSVrR| sh'heeyu 74 eyuehR. phcsheehP tSHPrchshRhy|eyu sh RyuVeyu yusyueeyutry etyushch tSHsyuP, chr¬tsht, VRyu t shchsPreeyu' sh' eRshUyuRtyuPheshsh yueyusheeyu ¬P®yu yaPhfeRrtryr 'SHey|, l®yuRyuPr¬ Rr® VreRyu yayutRyuP¬hRe¬ t eyuehRrU: eshyr syruyuPyufeyuuyu VhyyuthVhe®yuuyu SeRPh'yhesh¬, eshyr eRshUyut, eh chyrCHYshU 'shPshR|e¬ e yayufyyueR|CH sh Seshcheshh' th®r, - yahPhcshthR thy|'yuc sh RPyueSH ZHrPhshch» [jSPesht 'yushch. - e.o.; 12: 218].
shchRyu sSHyyu tPh'¬ RPshS'Try|eyushch eyrtSH sh syruyufrPeyuuyu VshRrRhy|e®yuuyu yaPshcheresh¬ yahPhtyufyut eyuehRyut, efhyreeSHU ya.®. lrPXr®yu'. myu jyuchsheZHht, ®yuRyuPSHshch tSHsPry fy¬ eyah®Rr®y¬ 'ryyushchtheReSHshch Ryuufr yahPhtyuf a. oreRhPer®r, Ryue®yu yayuVSteRtyutry PrcheyuPyufeyueR| shU yahPhtyufVhe®shU 'rehP sh yayue¬y, ®r® eh ltyasheSHtrhRe¬» Rh®eR lrPXr®r t yueyusSCH ¬chSH®yutSCH yuPureshchrZHshCH yareRhPer®yute®yuuyu yahPhtyufr. ne fyuthPshRhy|eyu yayufhyshye¬ e oreRhPer®yu' etyush' chr'SHeyyu' sh yayuyaPyueshy yayuSHCHRr yahPhtheRsh 74 eyuehR leRPyuh' ershsyuyhh yaPshsyshcheeSH' ® eRPyuCH 'yueyuyyuuyut cr'yhRr» [12: 218].
oreRhPer® yuRehee¬ ® yayrer' PhcsheehPr e Rh' ch Strcheshh' sh yayuesh'reshh', e ®r®sh' yue sSHy SthPhe t yaPrth yayueRreyutYsh®r er Phfr®RshPyutreshh Rh®eRr. lphc|Rh, eyu®PrYrshchRh sh yahPh®PrshtrshchRh e®yuy|®yu UyuRshRh, - PrchPhXshy yue c. jyuchsheZHhtS. - mr yayuyyutsheS fPr'rRshVhe®yuuyu Rh®eRr te¬®yushch ya|heSH, er'yushch ershshee'hPRehshchXhshch, ®yreeshVhe®yushch sh uheshry|eyushch ¬ tehufr e'yuRPCH ®r® er PreyaPyueRPreheeSCH Ph'rP®S, eryashereeSCH rtRyuPyu' fy¬ Ryuuyu, VRyusSH ttheRsh sheyayuyeshRhyhshch ®r® 'yuceyu uySsch t eSYheRtyu PrchSHuPSHtrh'yuuyu fhshcheRtsh¬» [12: 216].
osherRhy| eh'hfyheeyu yaPsheRSyashy ® chr®rchreeyu'S yahPhtyufS 74 eyuehRr. ne fyuyaSe®ry, VRyu huyu yahPhtyuf 'yuchR yu®rchrR|e¬ eyrshh yahPhtyufr lrPXr®r, ® ®yuRyuPyu'S yuReyueshye¬ e uySsyu®sh' yayuVRheshh', eyu PhXshRhy|eyu ereRrshtry er VRheshsh eyuehRr t etyuh' yahPhtyufh, yayue®yuy|®S Ryuy|®yu yue 'yuu eRrR| yuPureshVhe®sh yufeyuPyufeyushch VreR|CH yahPhthfheeyuuyu sh' lcr'yhRr» [12: 219].
rr®sh' yusPrchyu', yahPhtyuf 74 eyuehRr, eyuchfrtrh'SHshch oreRhPer®yu' ®r® eZHheshVhe®yuh chrthPXheshh fPr'rRshVhe®yuuyu RtyuPhesh¬ 'h®eyashPr, t Seyyutsh¬U etyuhyusPrcheyushch RtyuPVhe®yushch yayuyh'sh®sh e lrPXr®yu' yueyuchertrye¬ rtRyuPyu' ®r® USfyucheRtheeyuh tyuyayyuYheshh eyuseRtheeyushch yahPhtyufVhe®yushch yayuchshZHshsh. byuR yayuVh'S Rr® trceyu sh sheRhPheeyu ePrteshR| SHCHRsh yahPhtyufSH.
jPshRsh®sh eh Sfhyshysh eyahZHshry|eyuuyu tesh'resh¬ SHCHRyu'S eyuehRS esh S lrPXr®r, esh Rh' syuyhh S oreRhPer®r, ®yuRyuPSHshch shch tehU eyuehRyut 'h®eyashPr yahPhthy Ryuy|®yu RPsh - 66, 73 sh 74 [13]. osherRhy| sh er' eh t®yCHVshy eyuehRSH t yahPhVhe| etyushU Xh®eyashPyute®shU yahPhtyufyut: lb Prcheyuh tPh'¬ ¬ yahPhthy eyhfSCHYshh yaPyushchthfhesh¬ 'h®eyashPr. shchRyu fPr'SH: lcr'yhR», lpyu'hyu sh dcSy|hRRr», lyueRyueshshch sh jyhyuyarRPr», lnRhyyyu», ljyuPyuy| chePshU vhRthPRSHshch» (yahPtr¬ sh tRyuPr¬ VreRsh), llr®shR», sh ljyuPyuy| kshP» [10: 175].
jyuehVeyu, ehy|ch¬ e®rchrR|, VRyu yareRhPer®yute®shh yahPhtyufSH eyuehRyut tyuyusYh yueRryshe| ehchr'hVheeSH'sh, eyu, er erX tchuy¬f, ehfyuyuZHheheeSH'sh yuesh yueRrCHRe¬ fyu eshU yayuP. b yuschyuPh tehU PSee®shU yahPhtyufyut eyuehRyut 'h®eyashPr yu.k. gyuPshe, UyuR¬ sh erchtry yahPhtyufSH oreRhPer®r lsysheRrRhy|eSH'sh» sh ltshPRSyucheyu RyuVeSH'sh t eyhfyutreshsh chr yusPrchr'sh yayufysheesh®r», yuRthy h'S yuVhe| e®Pyu'eyuh 'heRyu t etyuh' SHCH®e®SPeh, SyaPh®eSt yasherRhy¬ t Ryu', VRyu huyu yahPhtyufSH lteh ch ert¬chSHtrysh yareRhPer®yute®shh PrchuyutyuPeSHh sheRyuerZHshsh 'h®eyashPS» [3: 280]. dPSuyushch sheeyhfyutrRhy|, yu.l. tshe®hy|, rtRyuP ePrteshRhy|eyuuyu reryshchr ehe®yuy|®shU PSee®shU yahPhtyufyut 66 eyuehRr (r tyayueyhfeRtshsh RryreRyshtSHshch sh er'yusSHReSHshch yahPhtyufVsh® tehuyu ZHsh®yr eyuehRyut) Ryuch yuR'hRshy S oreRhPer®r tSHeyu®yuh yayuSHCHRshVhe®yuh sh yahPhtyufVhe®yuh 'reRhPeRtyu, yuPureshVeSCH yayuSHCHRshVhe®SCH ZHhy|eyueR|, eyu Rr®ch yustsheshy huyu t Ryu', VRyu, RPreeTyuP'shPS¬ Ryuery|eyueR| eyuehRr shch ®eshceyushch t PrchuyutyuPeyu-yusSHfheeSCH, yasherRhy| Rr®sh' yusPrchyu' ushyahPRPyuTshPyutry Xh®eyashPyute®SCH yaPyueRyuRS [16: 172-174].
nZHhe®sh ®yuyyhu-yahPhtyufVsh®yut t yueeyuteyu' sh'yaPheeshyuesheRshVhe®sh SHCH'yuZHshyuery|eSH. yaPhfsh eshU sSHysh Rh, ®Ryu tyueRyuPurye¬. rr®, shchtheReSHshch yayuSHCHR, yahPhtyufVsh® sh yshRhPrRSPyuthf c.l. jPSc®yut, RthPfyu SthPheeSHshch t Ryu', VRyu yahPhtyufSH oreRhPer®r, shchSeyyuteyu, er'eyuuyu tSHXh 'rPXr®yute®shU, e®rchry: lmhtyuch'yuceyu yusZ¬eeshR|, VRyu eyuthPXrhR oreRhPer® t etyushU yahPhtyufrU, eyu huyu PrsyuRSH yaPyusshtrCHR ehPfhVeSCH ®yuP®S yasherRhy¬ fyu er'SHU uySsshe» [5]. ya esh' sSHy eyuyshfrPhe eh 'hehh shchtheReSHshch yasherRhy| sh yaSsyshZHsheR ch.yu. jrPrsVshhte®shshch, erchtrtXshshch lyaPh®PreeSHshch yahPhtyuf oreRhPer®r» lyaPyueRSH' sh 'ScheRtheeSH'», yayueyh ®yuRyuPyuuyu lyaPyuYh sSH Prchth VRyu yaPyu'yuyVrR|» [4: 243].
oPrtfr, tyueRyuPuryshe| eh teh. cyuPrchfyu yueRyuPyucehh tSHe®rchrye¬ h.yu. aPyufe®shshch, chr¬tshtXshshch, VRyu yahPhtyufSH oreRhPer®r l®yuehVeyu, chr'hVrRhy|eSH, eyu e 'h®eyashPyu' sh'hCHR VPhchtSHVrshcheyu 'ryyu yusYhuyu» [2: 175]. mrXyshe| sh ¬PSHh yaPyuRshtesh®sh. shchRyu eyutPh'heeSHshch yahPhtyufVsh® shchyshyuRr sh orSefr yu. zhthR®yut, ereRPyuheeSHshch 'r®esh'rysheR®sh ehyaPsh'shPsh'yu. ne Sshcfhe, VRyu t ZHhyyu' teh PSee®shh yahPhtyufSH eyuehRyut lSHCHRyu SsshshcheRtyu 'h®eyashPr yuPrtyushch PSee®shU Prchsyushchesh®yut, yaPshVh' uyrteSHshch yaryrV - oreRhPer®», ®yuRyuPSHshch Ryuy|®yu lfh'yueeRPshPShR 'r®esh'S' eruyyueRsh» sh esh®yuufr eh e'yuchR lyahPhfrR| syucheRtheeSHshch ethR e yayu'yuY|CH etyuhuyu ®rP'reeyuuyu TyuerPsh®r» [15].
myu frch Rh, ®Ryu fyusPyuchyrRhy|eyu yuRehee¬ ® yahPhtyufr' oreRhPer®r, eshVhuyu eh e®rchry yu yaPsheZHshyarU huyu yahPhtyufVhe®yushch 'rehPSH. yu yuesh fyueRrRyuVeyu sheRhPheeSH sh trceSH, ehe'yuRP¬ er Ryu, VRyu lrPXr® yahPhthy the| ZHsh®y, r oreRhPer® Ryuy|®yu RPsh eyuehRr.
hRr®, thPeh'e¬ ® yahPhtyufS 74 eyuehRr. eYh Prch yayufVhP®eh': oreRhPer® fhyry huyu fy¬ Ryuuyu, VRyusSH eyuehR eRry eZHheshVhe®sh' 'yueyuyyuuyu', R.h. yaPyufyuycheshh' Sch efhyreeyuuyu sh' yahPhtyufr lcr'yhRr». hchtheReyu, VRyu yue eRry yayusheRsheh SHCHyayuUry|eSH' eyusSHRshh' t sheRyuPshsh PSee®shU yahPhtyufyut RPruhfshsh lcr'yhR».
b ehshch tSHfhy¬CHRe¬ fth trceSHU RhefheZHshsh. ohPtSCH eyueRrty¬ysh yahPhtyufVsh®sh, ®yuRyuPSHh eRrPryshe| 'r®esh'ry|eyu RyuVeyu yahPhfrR| yueyusheeyueRsh yuPshushery|eyuuyu Rh®eRr. nesh yaPshfhPcshtryshe| yaPsheZHshyayut SHCH®tshyshehrPeyueRsh sh SHCH®tshPshR'shsh, tSHfhPcshtrysh eRshysheRshVhe®shshch PsheSeyu® Rh®eRr, shPhceyu yuReyueshyshe| ® huyu yusPrcheyu-'hRrTyuPshVhe®yu'S eRPyuCH. shchRyu sh l.o. bPyueVhe®yu, tyahPtSHh t pyueeshsh tSHyayuyeshtXshshch yayuyeSHshch yahPhtyuf RPruhfshsh (1828). shchRyu sh j. p. (j.j. pyu'reyut) - RyuVeyueR| huyu yahPhtyufr lcr'yhRr» (1899) yayuchtyuyshyr yueSYheRtshR| yahPtyuh PSee®yuh lyarPryyhy|eyuh» shchfreshh ya|heSH. shchRyu, er®yuehZH, yaPyueyrtyheeSHshch 'reRhP yahPhtyufr l.k. kyuchshee®shshch, Vhshch yahPhtyuf RPruhfshsh (1933) sh fyu eshU yayuP eVshRrhRe¬ ehyaPhtchyushchfheeSH' yayu RyuVeyueRsh.
jyuehVeyu, ®rcfyu'S shch eshU sSHysh yaPsheSYsh shefshtshfSry|eSHh VhPRSH, eyu shU yuRyshVryr sh yufer yusYr¬ yueyusheeyueR| - teh yuesh sSHysh PreeVshRreSH yaPhsh'SYheRtheeyu er VshRrRhyhshch, r eh er RhrRPry|eSHU chPshRhyhshch. oPsh eheyu'eheeSHU fyueRyusheeRtrU shU rtRyuPe®shU 'rehP, ehy|ch¬ sSHyyu eh StshfhR| sh UrPr®RhPeyushch l®eshceyushch» rPUrshVeyueRsh sh yarTyueeyushch tSHeyu®yuyarPeyueRsh chtSVresh¬ Rh®eRr, VRyu chrRPSfe¬yyu huyu tyueyaPsh¬Rshh sh frch yaPshtyufshyyu ® chrRh'eheshCH e'SHeyr.
oreRhPer®yute®shshch yahPhtyuf lcr'yhRr» tyueUyufshR ® fPSuyushch RPrfshZHshsh. ner sSHyr chryyucher Rh'sh, ®Ryu PS®yutyufeRtyutrye¬ Sshcfheshh' t yaPshyuPshRhReyueRsh RhrRPry|eyushch yaPshPyufSH ya|heSH 'h®eyashPr sh Sfhy¬y yaPhsh'SYheRtheeyuh tesh'reshh eyyutS, chtSVrYh'S eyu eZHheSH. rr®sh' sSHy lcr'yhR» t yahPhtyufh m.yu. oyuyhtyuuyu (1837), ®yuRyuPyu'S rtRyuP frch yaPhfyayueyry yayufchruyuyyutyu® lfPr'rRshVhe®yuh yaPhfeRrtyheshh». euyu uhPyushch yusPrYrye¬ ® PSee®yu'S chPshRhyCH er yayue¬Reyu', tSHPrchshRhy|eyu cshtyu', RPyuurtXh' ehPfZHh ¬chSH®h. gr'hReSH' fyueRshcheshh' eRryr Rr®ch PrsyuRr yu.h. jPyuehshPur (1844). beh S®rchreeSHh yahPhtyufSH yuRyshVryr yueyusr¬ RtyuPVhe®r¬ etyusyufr, eRPh'yheshh eyusyCHeRsh eh sS®tS, r fSU thysh®yushch RPruhfshsh, chyreshh yahPhtyufshR| eh eyyutr sh 'hRrTyuPSH, r 'SHeysh sh eZHheSH. yayuthPXheeyu yayue¬Reyu, yayuVh'S fh¬Rhysh RhrRPr tyayyuR| fyu XX eRyuyhRsh¬ yaPhfyayuVshRrysh yusPrYrR|e¬ she®yCHVshRhy|eyu ® esh'.
oreRhPer® syheR¬Yh Prchtshy sh'heeyu SHCHRS yahPhtyufVhe®SCH RPrfshZHshCH, sh er' ®r® tehufr RyuVeyu eTyuP'SyshPyutry yueyusheeSCH TSe®ZHshyuery|eSCH chrfrVS yahPhtyufr RhrRPry|eyuuyu Rh®eRr: ldy¬ yaPyushchthfhesh¬, yayufyuseyuuyu trSeRS, yusPrYrCHYhuyue¬ eyu eRPreshZHSH ®eshush shysh eyu eZHheSH ®yu 'eh, VshRrRhyCH shysh chPshRhyCH, fyueRrRyuVeyu, VRyusSH yueyu sSHyyu yayue¬Reyu 'ehE nR yusZh®Rshteyushch, PhrysheRshVhe®sh PrchSHuPSHtrh'yushch er eZHheh ya|heSH 'h®eyashPr RPhsShRe¬ eyuthPXheeyu sher¬ E'hPr yayue¬ReyueRsh. rSR sheyayuyeshRhysh yusPrYrCHRe¬ eh ®yu 'eh, r yahPh®shfSHtrCHRe¬ TPrchr'sh 'hcfS eyusyushch. rSR ...RPhsShRe¬ SthPheeyueR|, eruy¬fer¬ chPhyshYer¬ yuVhtshfeyueR|, VRyu yuesh e yayuySeyyutr yayuesh'rCHR fPSu fPSur» [12: 215].
osherRhy| RPSfshye¬ erf SHCHRsh' yahPhtyufyu' ehe®yuy|®yu fhe¬RshyhRshshch: yahPtSHshch huyu trPshreR yayu¬tshye¬ t yahVrRsh t 1940 u., yu®yueVrRhy|eSHshch - t 1968. n.b. yaRPyuureyutr, yaPyureryshchshPyutrtXr¬ fsher'sh®S rtRyuPe®yuuyu Phfr®RshPyutresh¬ 7 thPeshshch SHCHRyuuyu yahPhtyufr, yuR'hVrhR: loyuPrcrhR RYrRhy|eyueR|, e ®yuRyuPyushch oreRhPer® yahPhe'rRPshtrhR etyuCH PrsyuRS. mh®yuRyuPSHh 'yueyuyyuush sh Phyaysh®sh yue yahPhyasheSHtrhR 5-6 Prch. prsyuRr, t yueeyuteyu' shfhR t ftSU eryaPrtyhesh¬U: e yufeyushch eRyuPyueSH, oreRhPer® SeshyshtrhR shyyCHchshCH PrchuyutyuPeyushch PhVshE, r e fPSuyushch, E yue sheyaPrty¬hR EtSy|urPshch'SH, VPhch'hPeyu eeshcheeSHh sSHRyutSHh yusyuPyuRSH» [14: 115]. nR'hVheer¬ e®PSyaSyhcheyueR| rtRyuPe®yuuyu Phfr®RshPyutresh¬ Rh®eRr, eryaPrtyheer¬ er eyuthPXheeRtyutreshh eRshUshsh PrchuyutyuPeyueRsh ®r® uyrteyushch PhVhtyushch yueyusheeyueRsh SHCHRyuuyu yahPhtyufr, hYh Prch yayu®rchSHtrhR, ®r® trceyu sSHyyu oreRhPer®S tyueyaPyushchtheRsh eZHheshVeyueR| yaPyushchthfhesh¬ 'h®eyashPr. lshchRS yhu®yueR|, yayrteyueR|, Rh®SVheR| Rh®eRr, - SRthPcfry yayuSHCHR, - ¬ eVshRry tehufr fy¬ ehs¬ yus¬chrRhy|eyushch, SHCHRyushch, eh ®eshceyushch, eyu t eRyuPyueS, t yaPyueRPreeRtyu yuReheheeyushch eZHheshVhe®yushch yayue¬ReyueRsh tehufr fyusshtrye¬» [12: 215].
phchSy|RrR yu®rchrye¬ yayuRP¬erCHYsh' - sh'heeyu yareRhPer®yute®shshch yahPhtyuf lcr'yhRr» yuReSHeh eRry yayushfeyu ZHrPshR| sh er yuRhVheRtheeyushch eZHheh, sh er SHCH®Preh. yu jyuchsheZHht, ®r® shchtheReyu, sysheRrRhy|eyu yaPyufyuycshy etyuCH PrsyuRS erf lcr'yhRyu'» t etyuh' cher'heshRyu' Tshy|'h, eRrtXsh' ®yreesh®yushch ®sheyushe®SeeRtr. ne yuya¬R| yueRreyutshye¬ er yahPhtyufh oreRhPer®r. h, ®yuehVeyu, ehyayutRyuPsh'r¬ yayuSHCHRshVhe®r¬ SHCHehPuhRsh®r SHCHRyuuyu Rh®eRr yayu'yuuryr h'S tyueeyuchfrR| t Tshy|'h PhrysheRshVhe®sh ¬eeSCH sh RPrushVhe®sh uySsyu®SCH yahPeyah®RshtS SHCH®Preeyuuyu yaPyueRPreeRtr, yuPureshchyutreeyuuyu t efhPcreeyushch eRshysheRsh®h cshcheheeyuuyu yaPrtfyuyayufyussh¬. yaRPyuur¬ yaPyueRyuRr eRshysheRshVhe®yuuyu sh sheRyuerZHshyueeyuuyu PsheSe®r SHCHRyuuyu Rh®eRr tyayuyeh eyuyuRthReRtyutryr yr®yueshVeyushch VhR®yueRsh VhPeyu-shyyuuyu ®rfPr Tshy|'r jyuchsheZHhtr (yuyahPrRyuP h. cPshZHCHe), ®yuRyuPr¬ sSHyr ePyufesh uPrTshVhe®yushch ®PreyuRh ®eshceyushch eRPreshZHSH.
oyuPrchshRhy|eyu, VRyu te¬ SHCHRr PhrysheRshVhe®r¬ ¬eeyueR| sh yaPyueRyuRr sSHysh tSHPrcheshh' sheRsheeyu Xh®eyashPyute®yuuyu, she®yuehVeyuuyu RPrushch'r. h thf| ehy|ch¬ eh yaPshcherR|, VRyu sh'heeyu Rh®eR oreRhPer®r t SHCHRyushch eRshUshsh ehyayuffhy|eyushch RPruhfshshcheyueRsh sSHy sheUyufeSH' USfyucheRtheeSH' sh'yaSy|eyu' sh yuyaPhfhy¬CHYhshch yarTyueeyushch yueeyutyushch.
dS'rhRe¬, VRyu syuurRr¬ yaPr®Rsh®r eyueRyu¬tXshUe¬ RhrRPry|eSHU sh SHCH®PreeSHU tyuyayyuYheshshch RPruhfshsh 'h®eyashPr t yahPhtyufh oreRhPer®r eRrtshR yayuf eyu'eheshh yaPrtyu'hPeyueR| SyaPh®yut t reryshchh huyu yahPhtyufyut. rr® ch, ®r® sh er'r sheRyuPsh¬ PSee®yushch yayuSHCHRshVhe®yushch ®Sy|RSPSH XX th®r. yahshchVre eRryyu yuVhtshfeyu, VRyu syuurReRtyu tSHPrchshRhy|eSHU ePhfeRt sh'heeyu PrchuyutyuPeyu-PhVhtyushch eRshUshsh - Rr®r¬ ch ¬P®r¬ yaPsh'hRr eyutPh'heeyushch yuRhVheRtheeyushch yayuSHCHchshsh, ®r® sh huyu ®yreeshVhe®r¬ eryahteyueR| sh ®eshcer¬ tyuchtSHXheeyueR| t XIX-yu'. oyuSHCHRyu'S UyuR¬ yu oreRhPer®h uyutyuPshysh, VRyu lt etyuh' eRPh'yheshsh ® PrchuyutyuPeyueRsh, ® yaPyueRyuPhVshCH yue eScrhR eyyutrPeSHshch fshryarchyue 'h®eyashPr» [6: 100], RPhsShRe¬ yaPyushchtheRsh yueeyutrRhy|eSHshch reryshch Rh®eRyut SHCHRshU yahPhtyufyut t ®yueRh®eRh RhrRPry|eSHU sh yayuSHCHRshVhe®shU RPrfshZHshshch pyueeshsh XX eRyuyhRsh¬.
shchRyu yuVhe| syuy|Xr¬ chrfrVr, eyu 'SH er'hVrh' hh chfhe| eh ®r® ZHhy|, r ®r® eryaPrtyheshh etyuhuyu 'ryhe|®yuuyu sheeyhfyutresh¬. hRr®, yusPrRsh'e¬ ® ePrteshRhy|eyu'S reryshchS yahPhtyufyut 74 eyuehRr.
pshe®eh' yaPhfyayuyyucshR|, VRyu Rh®eR oreRhPer®r tSHchtry sSH Ryu ch ehSfyutyuy|eRtshh ®PshRsh®yut, ®yuRyuPyuh tSHchtry huyu yahPhtyuf 66 eyuehRr, yayue®yuy|®S yue Ryuch yayuuPScrhR ere t eryaP¬cheeSCH PshR'shVhe®SCH yuPureshchrZHshCH PrchuyutyuPeyushch PhVsh, ®yuRyuPSCH yasherRhy| ¬teyu yaPhfyayuVshRrhR 'hyyufshVhe®yushch eryahteyueRsh 'rPXr®yute®yuuyu yahPhtyufr. shchRyu yuYSRsh'yu Sch t yahPtyushch eRPyu®h, t ®yuRyuPyushch oreRhPer®, t yuRyshVshh yuR lrPXr®r, eyuUPre¬hR SHCHehPushVeSCH sh'yahPrRshteyueR| Xh®eyashPyute®yuuyu erVryr, yahPhfreeSCH tSHPrchshRhy|eyushch yarSchyushch t ehPhfsheh eRPyu®sh ('SH yusyucherVshysh hh t eshcheyhfSCHYshU ZHshRrRrU cher®yu' *). rr®yushch yusyuPyuR fPr'rRshVhe®sh syuyhh VhR®yu, Vh' S lrPXr®r, tSHfhy¬hR Sch t yshPshVhe®yushch SHCH®eyayuchshZHshsh eRshUyuRtyuPhesh¬ eh yufeyuuyu, r ftSU yshPshVhe®shU uhPyuht eyuehRr: uyutyuP¬Yhuyu (erchyuth' huyu oyuSHCHRyu') sh Ryuuyu, ® ®yu'S yue yusPrYrhRe¬ (erchyuth' huyu dPSuyu' oyuSHCHRr).
oyuyaPyusSh' yaPyueyhfshR| RhyahP|, ®r® yuRPrcrCHR yahPhtyufVsh®sh PrchtshRshh yshPshVhe®yuuyu eCHchRr eyuehRr. neeyuter¬ huyu Rh'r RPrfshZHshyueeyu chrfrhRe¬ t yahPtyu' ®rRPheh. ner shchtheRer: ®yuufr oyuSHCHR S'PhR, huyu eRshUsh yueRreSRe¬ cshR|. yaPrtesh' yuPshushery|eSHshch Rh®eR yahPtyuuyu ®rRPher sh trPshreRSH huyu yahPhtyufyut.
'h®eyashP
lrPXr®
oreRhPer®
But be contented: * when that fell arrest / Without all bail shall carry me away, / My life hath in this line some interest. / Which for memorial still with thee shall stay.
jyuufr 'he¬ yuRyaPrt¬R yayuf rPheR / ahch tSH®Syar, chryyuur sh yuRePyuV®sh, / mh uySHsr ®r'e¬, eh 'yuushy|eSHshch ®PheR - / leh yar'¬Resh®yu' sSfSR SHCHRsh eRPyuV®sh.
myu Seyayu®yushche¬. * b fesh, ®yuufr t yueRPyuu / mrth® ¬ e'hPR|CH sSfS tch¬R yayuf eRPrcS, / nfer cshtr¬ yar'¬R| SHCHRshU eRPyu® / eYh yahPhcshthR 'yuCH yaPyuyarcS.
oyuSHCHRshVhe®shshch yusPrch e'hPRsh S 'h®eyashPr (larrest E shall carry me away») fyueRrRyuVeyu yayue¬Rhe, ehe'yuRP¬ er Ryu, VRyu 'hRrTyuPshVhe®shshch yusyuPyuR yaPshteyueshR eh®yuRyuPSCH yuyayuePhfyutreeyueR| t tyueyaPsh¬Rshsh e'SHeyr. mr'h® er CHPshfshVhe®SCH TyuP'SyS (lwithout all bail») yaPshfrhR yusPrchS yuRRheyu® uyuP|®yushch, eyu 'ScheRtheeyushch shPyueshsh. lSH tshfsh', VRyu lrPXr® cherVshRhy|eyu e'¬uVrhR yusPrch sh fhyrhR huyu 'hehh ¬eeSH', chreRrty¬¬ fyuurfSHtrR|e¬ yu huyu eyufhPcreshsh yayu yayufRh®eRS. yu oreRhPer® e'hyyu sh yaP¬'yu SsshPrhR te¬®SCH ehfyuuyutyuPheeyueR|, yue uyuPrchfyu yuR®Pyutheehh yuPshusheryr sh eh e®PSHtrhR yuR VshRrRhy¬ eRPrXeyuuyu e'SHeyr eyusSHRsh¬, VRyu ePrchS chrfrhR yayuSHCHRshVhe®yu'S ®yueRh®eRS ®yuyyuPshR RPruhfshshcheyushch SHCH®eyayuchshZHshsh.
cyrter¬ Rh'r eyuehRr, chr¬tyheer¬ t yahPtyu' ®rRPheh, RPrfshZHshyueeyu yayuySVrhR etyuh tSHeXhh PrchtshRshh tyu tRyuPyu'. h'heeyu SHCHRyu ftshcheshh 'SH tshfsh' t Rh®eRh 'h®eyashPr, S ®yuRyuPyuuyu yuReyuXhesh¬ 'hcfS eyufhPcreshh' yahPtyuuyu sh tRyuPyuuyu ®rRPheyut eRPyu¬Re¬ yayu yaPsheZHshyaS yuReyuXheshshch yaPshVsheSH sh eyhfeRtsh¬, eyuyusYrCHYshU e'SHeyS ®rVheRtheeyu erPreRrCHYhh ftshcheshh: oyuSHCHR S'PhR, sh Ryuy|®yu yayueyh SHCHRyuuyu dPSu oyuSHCHRr yuR®PyuhR fy¬ ehs¬, VRS sSHyyu t oyuSHCHRh ySVXhuyu, r huyu eRshUsh - tSHPrcheshh huyu shee'hPReyuuyu fSUr - yuReSHeh ertehufr sSfSR yaPsherfyhcrR| dPSuS oyuSHCHRr. lSH tshfsh', VRyu eyhfeRtshh (R.h. 2 ®rRPhe) fhshcheRtshRhy|eyu yaPhfeRrtyheyu rtRyuPyu' er syuyhh tSHeyu®yu' e'SHeyyutyu' SPyuteh - SPyuteh fSUyuteyuuyu sSHRyutresh¬ uhPyuht. byuR tRyuPyushch ®rRPhe sh huyu yahPhtyufSH.
'h®eyashP
lrPXr®
oreRhPer®
When thou reviewest this, thou dost review / The very part was consecrate to thee: / The earth can have but earth, which is his due; / My spirit is thine, the better part of meE
rSH teyut| sh teyut| ershchfhX| t 'yushU eRshUrU / beh, VRyu tyu 'eh Rhsh yaPsherfyhcryyu. / oSe®rshch chh'yh fyueRrehRe¬ 'yushch yaPrU, - / rSH, yayuRhP¬t 'he¬, SRPrRshX| 'ryyu.
h RSH PrchSHYhX|, shU yahPhVshRrt, / vRyu sSHyyu ySVXhCH 'yuhshch VreRshZHhshch. / bhPehRe¬ t chh'yCH 'yushch chh'eyushch eyueRrt, / lyushch fSU ® Rhsh, ®r® yaPhcfh, tyuchtPrRshRe¬.
b yahPhtyufh lrPXr®r 'hcfS eyufhPcreshh' yahPtyuuyu sh tRyuPyuuyu ®rRPheyut ehR yuReyuXheshshch yaPshVsheSH sh eyhfeRtsh¬, e®yuPhh SHCHRyu yuReyuXhesh¬ yahPhVsheyshRhy|eyueRsh, sh ®rcfSHshch shch ®rRPheyut syuyhh yusyueyusyhe. rh' syuyhh VRyu lrPXr® yayuf'he¬hR yaPsh'heheeSHshch 'h®eyashPyu' fy¬ Seshyhesh¬ e'SHeyr yayutRyuP eyyut (lthou reviewest» sh lthou dost review»), yayutRyuPyu' yaPyusheUyuf¬Yhuyu fhshcheRtsh¬ (lteyut| sh teyut| ershchfhX|»). b PhchSy|RrRh SeRPre¬hRe¬ Rr RPrushVhe®r¬ Sesh®ry|eyueR| yaPyusheUyuf¬Yhuyu e dPSuyu' oyuSHCHRr, ®yuRyuPr¬ sSHyr chryyucher t yuPshusheryh: dPSu oyuSHCHRr teh yuR®PyuhR Ryuy|®yu Ryuufr, ®yuufr S'PhR oyuSHCHR, sh Ryuy|®yu yayuRyu'S, VRyu RyuR S'PhR. yu S lrPXr®r yayuySVrhRe¬, VRyu dPSu oyuSHCHRr yayuesh'ry SHCHRyu eh Prch; eh she®yCHVheyu, VRyu yayuesh'ry sh fyu e'hPRsh oyuSHCHRr. oyue¬Reyu, VRyu Rr®sh' yusPrchyu', ehe'yuRP¬ er tyuchtSHXheeyu ®eshceSCH yh®esh®S, yarTyue RPrushVhe®yushch ®Sy|'sherZHshsh eyuehRr S lrPXr®r eeshcrhRe¬.
b SHCHRyu' yuReyuXheshsh oreRhPer® uyuPrchfyu syshch yayusheRsheh RPruhfshshcheyu'S eryaP¬cheshCH Xh®eyashPyute®yuuyu eyuehRr. lrPXr®yute®yushch yahPhVsheyshRhy|eyueRsh yue yaPhfyayuVshRrhR uPrfrZHshCH fPr'rRshVhe®yuuyu ®PhYhefyu, yuRPrcrCHYSCH TshyyueyuTe®yuh SuySsyheshh fSUyuteSHU yuchrPheshshch oyuSHCHRr. rr®, t'heRyu ehshchRPry|eyuuyu sh t eSYeyueRsh 'ryyucherVshRhy|eyuuyu yushYresh¬ t TyuP'SyshPyut®h lrPXr®r (lRSHE ershchfhX| t 'yushU eRshUrU teh, VRyu tyu 'eh Rhsh yaPsherfyhcryyu»), huyu uhPyushch frhR fPSuyuh - eh'reRshVhe®sh ereSHYheeyuh sh ePrteRtheeyu h'®yuh (lRSH PrchSHYhX|, EVRyu sSHyyu ySVXhCH 'yuhshch VreRshZHhshch»), VRyu Rr®ch uyuPrchfyu syshch yuPshusheryS (lthou reviewE the better part of me»). b yahPhtyufh lrPXr®r oyuSHCHR yaPyuh®RshPShR sSfSYhh dPSur yayu ehurRshteyu'S yaPsheZHshyaS, fhyr¬ e'SHeyyutyushch r®ZHheR er Ryu', VRyu h'S yaPshfhRe¬ yahPhcshR| yayuRhPCH, sh heysh Vh' sh Seyayu®rshtrhR huyu, Ryu Rh', VRyu SHCHRr yayuRhP¬ sSfhR ehsyuy|Xyushch (lRSH, yayuRhP¬t 'he¬, SRPrRshX| 'ryyu»). oreRhPer® eRPyushR TPrchS yayuchshRshteyu, yayufVhP®shtr¬ eh Ryu, VRyu dPSu yayuRhP¬hR, r Ryu, VRyu yue fSUyuteyu yusPhRhR (llyushch fSU ® Rhsh E yusPrRshRe¬), VRyu yuya¬R| syuy|Xh eyuyuRthReRtShR yuPshusheryS (lMy spirit is thine, better part of me»).
hRyuuyutyuh, er'yuh ¬P®yuh tSHPrcheshh eyuehReyushch shfhsh TyuP'SyshPShRe¬ t Tshery|eyu' ftSeRshXshsh, Rr® erchSHtrh'yu' eyuehReyu' chr'®h.
'h®eyashP
lrPXr®
oreRhPer®
The worth of that is that which it contains, / And that is this, and this with thee remains.
eshch [e'hPRsh] - VhPhya®sh PrchsshRyuuyu ®yutXr, / rhsh - 'yuh tsheyu, 'yu¬ fSXr.
yu ZHheeyu sSHyyu Ryuy|®yu Ryu yufeyu, VRyu sh RhyahP| Rhsh yayuet¬Yheyu.
lSH tshfsh', VRyu ehP|hcheyueR| Tshery|eyuuyu ftSeRshXsh¬ yayufVhP®eSRr S 'h®eyashPr er'hPheeSH' yuR®rchyu' yuR yCHssh'SHU sh' l®rPRsheyuVeSHU» ePrteheshshch sh 'hRrTyuP, yueyu yayueRPyuheyu ®r® rTyuPsheRshVhe®sh ¬eeyuh PreeScfheshh, ereRrty¬CHYhh chr®yCHVheshh, yayuSHCHRshVhe®yuh shch¬YheRtyu ®yuRyuPyuuyu yahPhfreyu Ryuy|®yu yhu®yushch shuPyushch eyyut. s lrPXr®r SHCHRyu ftSeRshXshh - huyu yuR®Pyutheer¬ TreRrchsh¬. neyu yu®yueVrRhy|eyu yuyaPhfhy¬hR UrPr®RhP eyuehRr t Tyuy|®yyuPeyushch, yayueyyutshVeyu-yaheheeyushch Ryuery|eyueRsh, e'¬uVrCHYhshch RPrushVhe®shshch ®yueRh®eR. oyue¬Reyu, yayuVh'S jyuchsheZHht yuR®rchrye¬ yuR SHCHRyuuyu yahPhtyufr - Rr®yushch Rh®eR, ®yuehVeyu, esh®r® eh 'yuu sSHR| eZHheshVhe®sh' Tsheryyu' huyu lcr'yhRr».
s oreRhPer®r eyuehR yayuySVshye¬ eh yaheehshch, eh Pyu'reeyu', r uySsyu®sh', RPrushVhe®sh ehP|hcheSH' sh fPr'rRshVhe®sh eryaP¬cheeSH' 'yueyuyyuuyu'. mhe'yuRP¬ er yaPyueRyuRS esheRr®esher sh yh®esh®sh, 'SH eh 'yuch' eh yaPshcherR|, VRyu uPrTshVhe®sh VhR®shshch yr®yueshch' SHCHRyuuyu yahPhtyufr syshch yuPshusheryS eh Ryuy|®yu yayu eyufhPcreshCH, eyu sh yayu yshPshVhe®yu'S yarTyueS.
osherRhy¬ SyaPh®rysh hYh sh t Ryu', VRyu PrchuyutyuPer¬ yaPyueRyuRr shchsPreeyushch sh' yh®esh®sh, 'he¬hR eRshyhtSCH yu®Pre®S eRshUyuRtyuPhesh¬ 'h®eyashPr. oyuyaPyusSh' sh chfhe| yuR®rchrR|e¬ yuR SyaPh®yut 'reRhPS. bhf| sh yu yahPhtyufrU lrPXr®r t etyuh tPh'¬ sSHyyu e®rchreyu, VRyu SHCHRyu sSHy eh Ryuy|®yu yahPhtyuf e ¬chSH®r er ¬chSH®, eyu sh yahPhtyuf eyu eRshy¬ er eRshy|. jrcfSHshch shch reryshchshPSh'SHU er'sh yahPhtyufVsh®yut tSHsPry etyushch eRshy|, t ®yuRyuPSHshch yue yaPyuhZHshPyutry yayuSHCHchshCH 'h®eyashPr.
hchtheReyu, VRyu lrPXr® lyaPyuVhy» 'h®eyashPr yayuSHCHRshVhe®sh' ¬chSH®yu' PSee®yuuyu Pyu'reRshch'r erVryr XIX th®r [1], ®yuRyuPSHshch frteyu sh yaPyuVeyu sSHy yueyuchere t PSee®yushch ®Sy|RSPeyushch yar'¬Rsh ®r® etyuhyusPrcher¬ SHCH'syh'rRshVhe®r¬ yaPsh'hRr chyuyyuRyuuyu th®r uheshht yayuSHCHchshsh. oyuSHCHRyu'S, ®r® esh yaPshS®PrXshtry 'h®eyashPr lrPXr®, ®r® esh e'¬uVry yue huyu yusPrcheSHshch eRPyushch, 'reeyutSHshch VshRrRhy| e tyueRyuPuyu' sh yhu®yueR|CH yaPshe¬y sh yayuyCHsshy huyu yahPhtyufSH. h ®yuyyhush-yahPhtyufVsh®sh yuZHheshysh USfyucheRtheeSCH cherVsh'yueR| SHCHRyushch yahPhtyufVhe®yushch 'rehPSH Rr® tSHeyu®yu, VRyu frch yaPhfyayuyyucshysh: llyuchR, sSHR|, ySVXh yahPhtheRsh 'h®eyashPr sh ehtyuch'yuceyu, yayu ®Prshchehshch 'hPh, t syshcrshchXshh fhe¬RshyhRsh¬, yayu®r eh shch'heshRe¬ PSee®shshch ¬chSH®» [6: 100].
lrPXr® yahPhthy 'h®eyashPr er eRshy| eheyu'eheeSHU, yaPshchereeSHU sh yCHssh'SHU 'reRhPyut PSee®yushch ®yreeshVhe®yushch yayuSHCHchshsh. ne yaPhyufyuyhy yahPhtyufVhe®SCH shehPReyueR| yaPhfXheRtheesh®yut, S ®yuRyuPSHU 'h®eyashP yaPshPrteshtrye¬ yshsyu l® esh®yu'S Sch RhyahP| eh thfyu'SH' eyuehRsheRr' XVI th®r», yshsyu ® eh sh'hCHYsh' eyuseRtheeyuuyu RtyuPVhe®yuuyu yshZHr SHCHyashuyuer' Pyu'reRshch'r [16: 152]. gruyutyuPshtXshshch t yahPhtyufrU lrPXr®r er ¬chSH®h PSee®yushch ®yreesh®sh, reuyshshche®shshch yayuSHCHR yaPhfeRrtry PSee®yu'S VshRrRhy|e®yu'S eyuchereshCH eyayu®yushcheSH', urP'yueshVeyu 'SfPSH' sh ®yreeshVhe®sh thyshVheRtheeSH' ®yreesh®yu' thysh®yushch ®Sy|RSPSH yaPyuXyyuuyu. jr® sSfRyu sh eh sSHyyu esh®yuufr t sheRyuPshsh yshRhPrRSPSH tPh'hesh, ®yuufr yufeyu sh'¬ 'h®eyashPr yaPshtyufshyyu t ehuyufyutreshh eRyuPyueesh®yut fyuu'rRshVhe®yuuyu ®yreeshZHshch'r, yayue®yuy|®S reeyuZHshshPyutryyue| S eshU ®r® Prch e uPSsSH' yayuyaPreshh' chr®yueyut tSHeyu®yushch ®yreesh®sh!
oreRhPer® yahPhtyufshy 'h®eyashPr t yshRhPrRSPeSCH eRshUshCH, 'reeyutyu'S VshRrRhyCH uyuPrchfyu 'hehh cher®yu'SCH, sheyuufr 'hehh yayue¬ReSCH, r sheyuufr sh 'hehh yCHssh'SCH. shchRyu eyuteh' fPSuyushch eRshy| - eRshy| huyu eyuseRtheeyushch chPhyyushch yasherRhy|e®yushch 'rehPSH. lrehPSH, ®yuRyuPr¬, t yuRyshVshh yuR ®yreeshVhe®yushch, fyu eshU yayuP hYh yaPyu®yrfSHtrhR etyush yaSRsh ® VshRrRhyCH. h t SHCHRyushch yahPhtyufVhe®yushch RPreeTyuP'rZHshsh yaPyusheUyufshyyu yuR®PSHRshh eyutyuuyu PSee®yuuyu 'h®eyashPr - ehsheRyutyu sheyayu®yushcheyuuyu, fPr'rRshVhe®sh eRPreReyuuyu. mhy|ch¬ e®rchrR|, VRyu oreRhPer® chreRrty¬hR ere teyayu'eshR| yu Ryu' eRrPyu' 'h®eyashPh, ®yuRyuPyuuyu hYh eh yaPshchertrysh uheshh' sh eSPyutyu yusyshVrysh chr ehchereshh ®yreeshVhe®shU yaPrtshy. beh-Rr®sh yayu yaPyuXheRtshsh eRyuy| cherVshRhy|eyuuyu tPh'hesh frteshshch sh'shfc sSHy chrsSHR t sheRyuPshsh ®Sy|RSPSH. grsSHR ereRyuy|®yu yueeyutrRhy|eyu, VRyu PrchuyutyuPeSHh sheRyuerZHshsh sh PhVhtSHh yaPyueRyuPhVsh¬ t yahPhtyufrU 'SH tyueyaPshesh'rh' RhyahP| ehfyueRyushcheSH'sh thysh®yuuyu ®yreesh®r. mhR, chfhe| fPSuyuh: oreRhPer® yuR®PSHtrhR er' t 'h®eyashPh eyutPh'heesh®r. orPrfyu®ery|eyu, eyu Rr®yuuyu 'h®eyashPr Sch eh 'yuuSR ehsh yayuchtyuyshR| huyu eyuyuRhVheRtheesh®sh, fy¬ ®yuRyuPSHU yuPshushery|eSHshch ¬chSH® yayuSHCHRr Sch eyshX®yu' rPUrshVhe.
yaPrteshtr¬ eRyuy| PrcheSHU sh eRyuy| thysh®shU 'reRhPyut, 'SH tshfsh', VRyu shU yahPhtyufSH sSHysh, ®Pyu'h yaPyuVhuyu, sh yahPhtyufr'sh e ®Sy|RSPSH er ®Sy|RSPS. oyuSHCHRyu'S 'SH hYh Prch 'yuuysh SshfshR|e¬ t Ryu', VRyu yshRhPrRSPeSHshch yahPhtyuf - SfshtshRhy|eSHshch Theyu'he USfyucheRtheeyushch ®Sy|RSPSH, eyayueyuseyushch er she®yuehVeyuh RtyuPVhe®yuh tyuchPyucfheshh ySVXshU hh fyueRshcheshshch. yu yahPhtyuf¬Yr¬ eRshUsh¬ ®Sy|RSPeyuuyu ¬chSH®r eyutyuuyu tPh'hesh, tyuchyrurCHYr¬ er ehs¬ t fshryyuuh SHCHyayuU tSHeyu®SCH yuRthReRtheeyueR| RtyuPVhe®yuuyu yaPyutyufesh®r, er'r t SHCHRyu' tyuchPyucfheshsh yayutSHXrhR etyuCH rtRyuPshRhReyueR|, yaPshyusPhRr¬ USfyucheRtheeSCH theyu'yueR| erftPh'heeSHU yuchrPheshshch.


kshRhPrRSPr



  1. m.yu. yutRyueyu'yutr, l.k. creyarPyut. yayuehRSH 'h®eyashPr - yahPhtyufSH lrPXr®r // creyarPyut l. n PSee®yushch yayuSHCHchshsh: yueryshchSH, sheRhPyaPhRrZHshsh, UrPr®RhPsheRsh®sh. ya.-o., 2001. ya. 389-409.
  2. byuy®yut ya. dshryyuush e hyueshTyu' aPyufe®sh'. l., lshch®e'yu», 2002.
  3. gyuPshe yu. yayuehRSH 'h®eyashPr t PSee®shU yahPhtyufrU // 'h®eyashP s. yayuehRSH. mr reuy ¬ch. e yarPryyhy|eSH' PSee®sh' Rh®eRyu'. l., prfSur, 1984. ya. 265-286.
  4. jrPrsVshhte®shshch ch. byue®Pheheshh lr¬®yute®yuuyu. shcheeh. l., lpSee®shh eyyutrPsh», 2000.
  5. jPSc®yut c. r¬ur ® eThPshVeyueRsh. 28.10.02
  6. khtsh® b. mSceSH ysh eyutSHh yahPhtyufSH 'h®eyashPr? // lreRhPeRtyu yahPhtyufr: 1966. l., yayuthRe®shshch yasherRhy|, 1968. ya. 93-104
  7. kyuR're ch. l. ns she®SeeRth. yaos, he®SeeRtyu - yaos», 2000.
  8. ya.l.alhchheshe. gtS® sh cherVheshh t eyuehRrU 'h®eyashPr "sVheSHh chryashe®sh lyue®yute®yuuyu yahfruyuushVhe®yuuyu sheeRshRSRr sh'hesh b.h.akhesher", 1971, Ryu'a473, e.a82-87
  9. lyuPyuchyut l.l. hchsPreeSHh eRrR|sh sh yahPhtyufSH. l., cyueyshRshchfrR, 1954.
  10. oreRhPer® a.k. gr'hR®sh yahPhtyufVsh®r // oreRhPer® a. yaya t 5 R. r. 4. l., USfyucheRtheer¬ yshRhPrRSPr, 1991. ya. 392-394.
  11. oreRhPer® a. gr'hVresh¬ ® yahPhtyufr' 'h®eyashPr // ayuPshe oreRhPer® yus she®SeeRth. l., he®SeeRtyu, 1990. ya. 175-191.
  12. oreRhPer® a. h jyuchsheZHht c. oshe|'r yu lcr'yhRh». byuyaPyueSH yshRhPrRSPSH, 1975, ¹ 1.
  13. oreRhPer® a. ohPhtyufSH eyuehRyut 'h®eyashPr. 73 eyuehR eryahVrRre: jPreer¬ eyut|, 1938, ¹ 8; eyuehR 66 eryahVrRre: lyuyyufr¬ utrPfsh¬, 1940, ¹ 5-6; eyuehR 74, yu ®yuRyuPyu' oreRhPer® yashXhR t yashe|'h ® c. jyuchsheZHhtS yuR 4.03.1954, eryahVrRre: byuyaPyueSH yshRhPrRSPSH, 1975, ¹ 1.
  14. yaRPyuureyutr n.b. 'h®eyashP t yahPhtyufrU oreRhPer®r // yu®RSry|eSHh yaPyusyh'SH Tshyyuyyuushsh t tSchh sh X®yuyh: lrRhPshrySH IV rthPe®yushch 'hctSchyute®yushch ®yueThPheZHshsh. rthP|, rthPe®yushch uyueSeshthPeshRhR, 1991.ya. 114-115.
  15. trPrshch j.ya., zhthR®yut yu. prchuyutyuP yahPhtyufVsh®yut yu yahPhtyufh. 28/10/02
  16. tshe®hy| yu. 66-shch eyuehR t PSee®shU yahPhtyufrU // lreRhPeRtyu yahPhtyufr: 1966. l., yayuthRe®shshch yasherRhy|, 1968. ya. 161-182.
  17. shchR®shef e. ns Seyyuteyu-yayuSHCHRshVhe®yu' sh shefshtshfSry|eyu' (yayuehRSH 'h®eyashPr t PSee®shU yahPhtyufrU) // lreRhPeRtyu yahPhtyufr: 1966. l., 1968. ya. 134-160.