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, , , , . , , . Windows NT . . , , . Linux ( X/Window) .
, Linux , X/Window . , , .
, OS/2 . , IBM. 8 , - , DOS, Windows OS/2.
, Linux . , . , 4 . , Linux , 80386, , OS/2 NT . , Linux , , -. , 16 , Linux 12 !
, Linux. , NT , OS/2 - . , Linux- , . , OS/2 NT .
Windows NT , , Intel.
OS/2 , 16- DOS Windows, 32- .
- OS/2 NT - OS/2, Windows NT. Linux " ", . , Linux UNIX-. " " IBM Microsoft, , , , Linux , .
, . , , . Windows, OS/2, UNIX Macintosh, , .
, , . Linux , - UNIX, , , SCO UNIX. , UNIX- , Microsoft Word Lotus Word Pro. , Linux.
Linux "/", TCP/IP. Linux -, -, postscript- -, . , Linux , .
, , . (, Mitac Octagon). Linux Internet. C .
. (!) . , , SQL- , . , , " Microsoft". , , Linux ...
Linux "" . , , . , Sound Blaster, (, , CommonLisp?) ( DOOM) . , , OS/2, , Windows NT.
OS/2 , NT . , , Windows 3.1, Norton Commander.
32- .
, , Linux , -. . . Wine, Windows- X/Window, Linux . . Linux.
Linux , CD-ROM. Slackware, "" , LinuxWare TAE RedHat.
. Unix 5.25" HD - boot root. , 3.5", 1.44 . , , .
CD-ROM TAE Volume 2 ( ) Install. , Install, . , . . BOOT, (boot) (root) . rawrite, .
. boot Reset. , , . , , root. :
darkstar login:
root <Enter>. . Linux . fdisk.
fdisk < >
Unix MS-DOS. , , IDE, /dev/hda, - /dev/hdb, , SCSI - /dev/sda, /dev/sdb . , , IDE. :
fdisk /dev/hda
fdisk . fdisk Unix , DOS. m , p - . - - Linux (Native Linux - 83) (Linux swap- 82).
. 16 - . , ! . Linux 16 , 128 . !
, fdisk. , , . , 80 , +80M ( +80 - 80 !).
. w. , ( - q) .
, MS-DOS Linux. .
, . , , , . . , /dev/hda4 8192 (1 = 1 - !).
:
mkswap -c /dev/hda4 8192
. -c - , . . . . :
swapon /dev/hda4
. 8192 .
, .
, . Unix , , . , . , "", swapoff. . ! !
, , , . , - .
, setup mkswap, swapon . .
, . , ! , .
, Linux . . , MS-DOS: /dev/hda1 /dev/hda2, Linux native - /dev/hda3. .
setup , Linux. - /dev/hda3. . , ext2fs. "" - " , !" , .
DOS. , . DOS cp ( copy MS-DOS). - . Unix , . , , "/".
, Unix DOS , /dos-c /dev/hda1 /dos.d /dev/hda2. Linux , DOS - - !
, , DOS, D:\F117, : dir /dos.d/* . MS-DOS , - . , .
(diskset) . , , . . . . : A D .
. , , . A. .
. SCSIKERN, IDE , IDEKERN, SCSI. , , . .
, TCP/IP. , , .
- D, Linux. :
C++, Objective C LISP, PERL, Pascal, Modula, Fortran . .
. Linux. . ( , ?) setup Linux. , , . .
, . , , . - root boot . MBR , A: MS-DOS. Unix .
root. , , . . , . - .
, . /usr/src/linux. ? MS-DOS CP/M, 80- UNIX-.
:
make config
, . , 80387 , . Linux 80386, 80486 .
. - .
-, , : IDE / SCSI. . , IDE-, SoundBlaster ASP 16 SCSI-2. Adaptec 1522 BIOS. , MS-DOS SCSI Linux! .
, , "!" -, Linux , , , "-" (, Postgress (!) LDBF), TCP/IP.
- CD-ROM. CD-ROM . . , .
, , . . ! . , :
. : bus mouse serial mouse - ! , bus mouse, . ?
, make Linux , make, :
make depend
, , make , :
make zImage
. 80386DX-40/4 1 5 , 8 , . Linux 486DX2-66/8 . , , .
? c , /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/zImage.
. , , , , .
( , /dev/fd0 !):
cat zImage > /dev/fd0
:
rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/hda3
rdev -v /dev/fd0 -1 rdev -R /dev/fd0 1 rdev -r /dev/fd0 0
.
, , Linux . , MS-DOS . , MBR Linux Loader . - , Volume 3 . .
-, :
cp /usr/src/linux/zImage /vmlinuz
"rdev", /dev/fd0 /vmlinuz.
Setup Set LILO. LILO ( BEGIN). - DOS Linux. , . .
, , LILO , . LILO end MBR .
, , . "rdev" LILO.
, . Linux , . /vmlinuz , . - .
MS-DOS ( DOS, Linux - [Tab] . fdisk MS-DOS. Linux, DOS, , DOS . Linux .
"" Linux . , , !
, . ? MS-DOS, CD-ROM. , CD-ROM , ! ?
, . , . CD-ROM!
Unix - man. , , . ftab:
man ftab
/etc ( ) ftab:
vi ftab
, , vi, ,
.
<Ins> . <Enter>. .
:
/dev/fd0 /A msdos defaults
/dev/fd1 /B msdos defaults
/dev/cdrom /rom iso9660 ro
<Esc>, ( :
:wq
ftab .
. , :
mkdir /A
mkdir /B mkdir /rom
, A B MS-DOS, CD-ROM - iso9660.
. Linux - msdos ext2fs ! CD-ROM ! DOS ( mscdex.exe) .
, ( - ctrl-alt-del, reset !) /rom.
! ftab , . :
mount /dev/cdrom
ls. , /rom
!
. , , slackware, :
/rom/slakware
/rom/slackware.120
, setup .
! setup, source. - CD-ROM, , /rom/slackware.120. , , ...
, . , XWindows . , .
. CD-ROM? - :
umount /rom
mount /dev/cdrom
, .
Red Hat " " , - " ". , , Linux-, UNIX DOS. Red Hat .
Red Hat Linux 2.1 , :
Red Hat:
, , , Slackware , \sets\images\ \sets\updates.
, Red Hat , :
4 RAM, Red Hat Slackware Linux. 150 , Red Hat, . CD-ROM . , .
: boot ramdisk. ramdisk , . , boot , .
5 , boot .
SCSI- | Ethernet- | CD-ROM | |
0000 | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | ||
0001 | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | ||
0002 | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | ||
0003 | SMC | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0004 | SMC | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0005 | SMC | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0006 | Western Digital | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0007 | Western Digital | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0008 | Western Digital | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0009 | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0010 | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0011 | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0012 | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0013 | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0014 | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0015 | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | ||
0016 | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | ||
0017 | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | ||
0018 | Adaptec, Buslogic | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0019 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0020 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0021 | Adaptec, Buslogic | SMC | IDE/ATAPI SCSI |
0022 | Adaptec, Buslogic | SMC | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 |
0023 | Adaptec, Buslogic | SMC | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes |
0024 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Western Digital | IDE/ATAPI SCSI |
0025 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Western Digital | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 |
0026 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Western Digital | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes |
0027 | Adaptec, Buslogic | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | IDE/ATAPI SCSI |
0028 | Adaptec, Buslogic | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 |
0029 | Adaptec, Buslogic | 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes |
0030 | Adaptec, Buslogic | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | IDE/ATAPI SCSI |
0031 | Adaptec, Buslogic | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 |
0032 | Adaptec, Buslogic | AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes |
0033 | Adaptec, Buslogic | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0034 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0035 | Adaptec, Buslogic | Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes | |
0036 | EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 | IDE/ATAPI SCSI | |
0037 | EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 | Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 | |
0038 | EATA-DMA, UltraS |