fsck
-
" "
/P 2.1
fsck
1988
fsck, -
.
1.
1.1. fsck
fsck ,
, .
,
, :
- , ,
sync(8)
;
-
, ,
.
fsck
.
1.
, .
-
/etc/rc
,
s_ + und -
1
.
)
,
. . , ,
,
, ,
.
32- (4- ) .
1
a a
a a 2 - 1 a
. , -
-
5 . . . -
.
, 2.2. 2.2. , - . , . . .
1 "." ".." , . , f .
"." .
".." .
,
s_ + und.
, - .
;
-
.
2.1.2.
1
,
, ,
,
1
.
. .
, ,
.
C o p io ?
C?
C :
, , N, u , p, , S. .
Bad o p io
.
I val id argum , d faul a um d
,
3,
4 9
1
I om pa ibl o p io a d S
S
. .
Ca ' g m mor
f . .
F o a hara r d v i
F
f -
.
Ca ' o p F
F
F
F.
S iz h iz X size Y
. . X . . Y
, 6553
. (.
. 1.1.
Ca ' r a F
F
F.
17
Ca o s bl B o i u )
B )
B .
o i u .
-
Fa al I O rror
(
o
Ca o r ad bl B o i u )
B )
. o i u .
.
f
- f
Fa al I O rror
(
o
Ca o wr i bl B o i u )
B )
. o i u .
.
1 - Fa al I O rror
o
1
.
( .
U ow il p I=N l ar)
I=N )
N . . 1.
CLEA N
2 u allo a d
o
L i ou abl ov rflow o i u )
( )
. max ncnt o i u .
.
19 o
B bad I=N
B I=N
B
-
1 Excess v bad b ks , bad/du 2 (. . 2.4
E x iv bad bl I=N o i u )
I=N )
N )
10)(. . 2.4
continue :
yes i- -
i- .
-
.
fsck.
no fsck.
B dup I=N
B I=N
i- N B, -
i-. i- N
, i-, 1 -
Excessive dup blks. ,
1b bad/dup
2 4 (. . 3.2.3).
Excessive dup blks I=N (continue)
I=N ()
- 20 -
, i-, -
( 10); . . 3.2.3.
continue :
yes i- -
i- .
-
.
fsck.
no fsck.
Dup table overflow (continue)
(-
)
fsck,
. fsck -
duptblsize.
continue :
yes .
-
. fsck. -
-
.
no fsck.
Possible file size error I=N
I=N
i- ,
i-. -
(. . 3.2.5).
Directory misaligned I=N
I=N
, .. i-
( 16).
(. . 3.2.5).
- 21 -
Partially allocated inode I=N (clear)
i- I=N ()
i- , (. .
3.2.1).
clear :
yes i-.
no .
4.3. 1b:
,
i-,
.
B dup I=N
B I=N
i- B, -
i-. "bad/dup"
2. dup 1 2,
, i- ,
i- (. . 3.2.3).
4.4. 2:
2 ,
i-, 1 1b. -
, -
i-, i- -
, , i-.
Root inode unallocated, terminating
i- ,
i- ( i-)
, .
(. . 3.2.1).
Root inode not directory (fix)
i- ()
i- ( i-)
- 22 -
i-, (. . 3.2.1).
fix :
yes i- .
i-
, .
no fsck.
Dups/bad in root inode (continue)
i-
()
1 i- (, i-)
-
(. . 3.2.3 . 3.2.4).
continue :
yes Dups/bad i-
.
i-
.
no .
I out of range I=N name=F (remove)
i- I= =F ()
F i- N,
i- (. . 3.2.4).
remove :
yes F.
no .
Unallocated I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T name=F
(remove)
I=N =O .=M =S ...=T
=F ()
F i- N, -
. : O,
M, S, T F (. .
- 23 -
3.2.4).
remove :
yes F.
no .
Dup/bad I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T dir=F (remove)
I=N =O
.=M =S ...=T =F ()
1 1b -
, F, i- N. -
: O, M,
S, T F (. . 3.2.3 .
3.2.4).
remove :
yes F.
no .
Dup/bad I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T file=F (remove)
I=N =O
.=M =S ...=T =F ()
1 1b -
, F, i- N. -
: O, M,
S, T F (. . 3.2.3 .
3.2.4).
remove :
yes F.
no .
4.5. 3:
,
- ,
lost+found.
Unref dir I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (reconnect)
- 24 -
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T ( R)
i- N
. :
O, M, S T i-
N (. . 3.2.4 . 3.2.2).
reconnect :
yes i- N
( lost+found) -
; - ,
3
lost+found. , -
, 3
connected.
no . ,
4, unref.
Sorry, no lost+found directory
, lost+found
lost+found; fsck
lost+found. 4 -
unref.
Sorry, no space in lost+found directory
, lost+found
-
lost+found; fsck
" lost+found".
unref 4.
lost+found
.
Dir I=11 connected, parent was I=12
I=11 , I=12
: ,
i- 11 lost+found. i-
12, i- 11, i-
lost+found (. . 3.2.4 . 3.2.2).
- 25 -
4.6. 4:
, -
: ,
;
lost+found; ,
;
; i-
.
Unref file I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (reconnect)
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T ( R)
i- N
. :
O, M, S T i- N (.
. 3.2.2).
reconnect :
yes i- N
( lost+found) .
- ,
4 , -
lost+found.
no .
clear 4.
Sorry, no lost+found directory
, lost+found
lost+found; fsck
lost+found. CLEAR
4. lost+found.
Sorry, no space in lost+found directory
, lost+found
lost+found; fsck -
lost+found.
clear 4.
lost+found.
- 26 -
Link count file I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T count=X
should be Y (adjust)
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T =X Y ()
i- N, ,
X, Y. : O,
M, S T (. . 3.2.2).
adjust :
yes i- N Y.
no .
Link count dir I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T count=X
should be Y (adjust)
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T =X Y ()
i- N, ,
X, Y. : O,
M, S T I (. .
3.2.2).
adjust :
yes i- N Y.
no .
Link count F I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T count=X
should be Y (adjust)
F I=N =O .=M =S
...=T =X Y ()
i- N F
X, Y. : F,
O, M, S T (. .
3.2.2).
adjust :
yes i- N Y.
no .
- 27 -
Unref file I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (clear)
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T ()
i- N -
. :
O, M, S T i-
N (. . 3.2.2 . 3).
clear :
yes i- N.
no .
Unref dir I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (clear)
I=N =O .=M =S
...=T ()
i- N
. -
: O, M, S
T i- N.
clear :
yes i- N.
no .
Bad/dup file I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (clear)
I=N
=O .=M =S ...=T ()
1 1b -
, i- N .
: O, M,
S T i- N (. . 3.2.3 .
3.2.4).
clear :
yes i- N.
no .
- 28 -
Bad/dup dir I=N owner=O mode=M size=S mtime=T (clear)
I=N =O .=M =S ...=T (-
)
1 1b -
, i- N .
: O, M,
S T i- N (. . 3.2.3 .
3.2.4).
clear :
yes i- N.
no .
Free inode count wrong in superblk (fix)
()
i-
(. . 3.1.4).
fix :
yes
.
no .
4.7. 5:
,
. -
,
,
,
.
Excessive bad blks in free list (continue)
(-
)
, ,
( 10).
, -
(. . 3.1.2 . 3.2.4).
- 29 -
continue :
yes -
fsck.
Bad blks in free list 5.
no .
Excessive dup blks in free list (continue)
-
()
, ,
( 10), i-
(. . 3.1.2
. 3.2.3).
continue :
yes -
fsck.
Dup blks in free list 5.
no .
Bad freeblk count
50 0.
Bad free list 5 (. . 3.1.2).
X bad blks in free list
X
X ,
,