, . , 1919 . . , , , . 204 , . " ", "", . , 71. . -. , 1919 . , , , 20 . , , . 20- , , , , . , . , , 72. , ( ) .   . , . . 1918 . , - - . . (, ), , 1920 - 1921 . 205 . . , , , ( ) . , . , . 1917 . , . , 1918 ., , 1871 . 97 . , 73. . - , . 1919 . 1920 . . , 1919 . . , . , . " " . , . . , , () 74. 206 , - . 1920 . 11- 22 . , . . , 75, 11- . , 28 1920 . , , . , , , 76. . , , . , , , , . 3 4 1920 . 11- , , " ", 15 . , , . 5 , , " " 7 7. , , , . . , , . . 207 [] . (), 1920 . , 20- . , , . , , , . , , . , 18 1920 . ( , ), , " ". : ", ". , " , , , , "78. , . 1912 . . , , , . , , : " . , , , . (), . , , . () , , , , , . 208 , , . - "79. , , 6 , , . , . , 24 - 25 1917 . " , , ( ) , - , 200 - 250 ... , 2- ..." , , , , , - . , , , , , . " , - , - , , ". , , . 300- , . , , III . II " , -". , . , , , . : " , : " , , , , , , - 209 , . ""80. , , . , , : " , - , . , - . . , , , . , "81. , "" , , . , , : " , , , , , " ( - , - , - - ). , , , , . , , , , - "82. , "". , , , . "" , , . , ", , - 210 , , , - ". . , 1920 ., . , , . (, , ) . , , 11- , , " ". , , , " , XI "83. , , , . , 17 , " " . , . , . , , . . . 20 1921 . - . , . , 24 . , , , , - 211 , - . : " 6 ". - . (" ") , 26 , . , , . , 6 . 8 14 , , , 84. 11 12 , . 15 1921 . . . , . , . , 85. - . , , , . . . , , 86. "- 212 " . ( ) - - , . , 28 , : " , , - , . , , , , , , "87. , - - . . 9 , " ", , , , , 88. 3 , . " , , "89. . 17 . . , 27 . . , 1 - 213 : " , "" "" ( ) "-" "", "90. - ( ), . , . 14 1921 . , , , , . , , , . , , , 91. , , - . , , . eminence grise , . , . , " ", . , , . . , 1921 . . , . , , . , - , 214 . , . , . (, ) , , , , . . , 1921 . , , . . , , 2 . . . , : "!", "!", "!" . . - . . , : " ? ?" , -, , 92. , , . , . . 215 93. , , . , 6 - . , , 6 . , . " ". , , , 1905 - 1907 . , . , , . " ". "" " ". . , , -, , " ". , " , , , "94. , , , . , . , , , , . . , , 1924 . . , , " "95. 216  1 . . (1917 - 1918 .). ., 1964, . 158. 2 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence. N. Y., 1967, p. 245. 3 . . - " ", 1930, N 6, . 129 - 130. 4 (). 1917 - 1918. ., 1958, . 157. ( , ) "". 5 " ", 1930, N 6, . 128. 6 Trotsky L. Stal in: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 245. (- ) . , . 240 - 241. 7 . . ., . 4, . 24. 8 , . 74 - 78, 79 - 80. . , , - , - . , - - " ". , , .: Pipes Richard. The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationa lism, 1917 - 1923. N. Y., 1968, p. 111 - 112. 9 . . ., . 4, . 75 - 76. "" 9 1918 . 10 . . - . ., 1931, . 41, . 213 - 214. .: Carr E. H. The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923. L., 1951, p. 281 - 291. 1917 - 1918 .: Pipes Richard. The Formation of the Soviet Union, chapters II - V. 11 . . ., . 4, . 87 - 89. 12 " ", 1930, N 6, . 127, 130. . .: . . . . . 1917 - 1918 . 2- ., ., 1967, . 237 - 239. . . , . 13 . "", 16 1935 . ". . " : " ", 1969, N 4, . 128 - 130. 14 . ., 1964, . 3, . 268; " ", ., 1971, . 247. 15 . . ., . 4, . 116 - 117. 16 . . . ., 1951, . 8 - 11. , 10- , 3 1919 . " ". , , . 217 17 . . ., . 4, . 118, 420. 18 Chamberlin William H. The Russian Revolution 1917 - 1921. N. Y., 1965, Vol. 2, p. 118. . 19 . . ., . 4, . 118 - 121. 1951 . 20 , . 450; . . . ., 1951, . 14. 21 , . 19. 22 Medvedev Ro y A. Let History Judge: The Origins and Consequences of Stalinism. N. Y., 1971, p. 13. 23 . 24 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man an d His Influnce, p. 288 - 289. , : " N 118 . . ". N 118, , . 25 . 26 . . (. .). . ., 1965, . 181. 27 . . ., . 4, . 127. , . . 28 , . 148 - 151. "", 30 1918 29 . . ., . 4, . 455. 30 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 291 - 292. , . 31 , . 270. 32 "", 6 1918 . (. 4, . 152 - 154). 1918 . 24 - 25 , 7 - 8 . 33 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influenc e, p. 291. 34 . . ., . 4, . 261. , " " (Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 307). 35 . . ., . 1, . 132 - 137. 1905 . 36 Trotsky L. My Life. N. Y., 1930, p. 432 - 433. 37 . . . . 38 ., ., ., . . - "", 1956, N 12, . 64 - 66; Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 318 - 320, 324; Markin M. Stalin and the Red Army. - In: Trotsky L. Th e Stalin School of 218 Falsification. N. Y., 1962, p. 223 - 225; Chamberlin William H. The Russian Revolution 1917 - 1921, vol. 2, p. 210, 246 - 247. 39 . . ., . 4, . 275 - 277. 15 1919 . . . (" ", 1956, N 7, . 30 - 32), 15 . , 15 . , " - ...". (Stalin and the Red Army, p. 226). 40 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 327 - 328; Deutscher Isaac. Stalin: A Political Biography. 2nd ed., N. Y., 1966, p. 215 - 216. . : Lerner Warner. K arl Radek: The last Internationalist. Stanford, 1970. 41 . ., 1958, . 166. . . . . -, . - 1931 . " " (., 1931, . 175). 42 , . 163 - 164. 43 , . 165 - 166; . . (. .) , . 167 (.). , - , . 44 . ., 1958, . 166 - 167; . . (. .). , . 167 (.); . : "", 1956, N 12, . 54 - 71. 45 Trotsky L. Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence, p. 329. 46 . : " , , . ?" 1973 . . 47 . . . , 1919 - 1927. ., 1964, . 1, . 154. 48 . . . . ., . 51, . 409. : " , " ( , . 139 - 140). 49 . . ., . 4, . 190 - 224. 50 . . . .