...
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- " "
" ", 1
..
© Copyright " ", 1995
© Copyright " ", 1995
- HTML
. PDF
" "
http://www.nit.kiev.ua http://www.nit.kiev.ua
---------------------------------------------------------------
" ", 1
,
( ).
, ,
.
1.
1.1.
1.2.
2.
2.1.
2.1.1.
2.1.2.
2.1.3.
2.2.
2.2.1. , "dryfit"
2.2.2. -
-- .
-- ,
()
.
--
, .
.
-- ,
,
- ().
-- ,
,
- () (1 = 3600 ).
-- , ,
.
-- .
-- ,
.
-- ,
.
--
.
--
.
--
.
--
, -
.
-- ,
(
).
--
. -- ,
.
-- ,
.
-- ,
.
.
-- , ,
(20oC),
90% .
-- ,
.
-- ,
.
,
.
-- ,
.
-- ,
.
-- .
A battery --
acid storage battery -- ()
air battery -- -
alkaline battery -- ()
alkaline battery -- -
alkaline dry battery -- -
alkaline dry battery --
alkaline manganese battery -- -
alkaline storage battery --
alkaline storage battery --
anode battery --
B battery --
Bansen battery -- (--)
bag-type battery -- ()
balancing battery --
battery --
bias battery -- ,
biasing battery -- ,
bichromate battery -- ()
buffer battery --
bypass battery --
C battery -- ,
Clark battery -- (-)
cadmium normal battery -- (-)
cadmium-silver-oxide battery -- -
carbon battery -- ()
carbon-zinc battery -- ()
cell -- , , (
, )
chemical battery --
chargeable battery --
cooper-zinc battery -- -
counter (electromotive) battery --
Daniel battery -- (-)
decomposition battery -- ()
dichromate battery -- ()
displacement battery -- ()
divalent silver oxide battery --
double-fluid battery --
drum storage -- -
dry battery --
dry battery --
dry-charged battery --
dry-charged battery --
Edison battery -- -
electric battery -- (
, )
electric battery -- (
),
emergency batteries --
emergency battery --
end batteries --
Faradey battery --
Faure storage battery --
filament battery --
floating battery --
( )
Grenet battery -- (-)
galvanic battery --
grid battery -- ,
grid-bias battery -- ,
Lalande battery -- ( -)
Leclanche battery -- (-)
lead (-acid) battery -- ()
lead-acid (lead-storage) battery --
()
lead-calcium battery -- -
lead-dioxide primary battery --
line battery --
lithium battery --
lithium-iron sulfide secondary battery --
-
lithium-silver chromate battery --
-
lithium-water battery -- -
long wet-stand life battery --
magnesium battery --
magnesium mercuric oxide battery --
--
magnesium-cuprous chloride battery --
-
magnesium-silver chloride battery --
-
magnesium-water battery -- -
mercury battery -- () -
mercury battery -- () -
metal-air storage battery -- -
nicad (nickel-cadmium) battery -- -
nickel-cadmium battery -- -
nickel-iron battery -- -
nickel-iron battery -- -
Plante battery -- ()
pilot battery --
plate battery --
plug-in battery --
portable battery --
primary battery -- ()
primary battery -- ()
quiet battery --
Ruben battery -- () -
rechargeable battery --
rechargeable battery --
reserve battery --
ringing battery -- ()
sal-ammoniac battery -- ()
saturated standard battery --
sealed battery --
sealed battery -- ()
secondary battery --
signaling battery -- ()
silver-cadmium storage battery --
-
silver-oxide battery -- ()
silver-zinc primary battery -- -
silver-zinc storage battery -- -
solar battery --
standard Daniel battery -- (-)
standby battery --
stationary battery --
storage battery --
talking battery --
Voltaic battery -- ;
Weston (standard) battery -- (-)
wet battery --
zinc-air battery -- -
zinc-chlorine battery -- -
zinc-coper-oxide battery -- -
zinc-iron battery --
zinc-manganese dioxide battery --
-
zinc-mercury-oxide battery -- -
zinc-nickel battery -- -
zinc-silver-chloride primary battery --
-
()
.
.
. ,
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. -1
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.
. -0,55
() -82.
,
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(Laptop, Notebook, Palmtop),
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5...8 .
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1
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24 .
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1.3 1.5
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1.1.
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(MnO2),
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1,5 .
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0,1 ,
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(65...90 /), (100...150
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(6...8 )
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10:1
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50...60%.
12...16 .
50% .
.
(HgO).
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40% .
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0,15 , .
(90...120 /, 300...400 /3),
.
-31, -33 -55.
-31 -55 -- 600 /3, -33 --
700 /3. -31 -33
. -55
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.
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10 18 , -55
5 .
1.6,
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0 +50o, -83 -85
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+70o. ,
( )
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"" Ag2O AgO.
0,2 , -
[1].
,
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,
(. 1.6).
1.7.
.
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LiAlCl4, LiClO4, LiBFO4.
1...2
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,
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,
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1,5 3 .
30 100
.
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1.2.
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1).
,
- 1980 .,
1983 . 15% [10].
.
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;
;
- ( 6F22)
[11].
Duracell ()
Duracell --
.
40 .
.
.
, ,
Duracell .
Duracell
.
( ), 1 /2 (. .14).
10
Duracell
.
EXRA-POWER
(TiO2)
- Duracell.
"Duracell"
,
.
5 ,
-- , ,
.
Duracell
1.8.
Varta ()
Varta --
. 25 100
1000
.
. 600
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.
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Varta.
.
Varta
1.9.
2
.
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-
.
. --
.
.
: 2; 4; 6;
12; 24 .
,
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:
N = U / U,
N -- ,
U -- ,
U --
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1 ,
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.
. 2.3 [1].
, ,
,
.
. 2.4.
:
,
;
(
);
,
- "dryfit" 400 500 (
).
0,3 200 .
2.1.
, (27...39%- )
,
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2 .
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12 ).
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1...4 .
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55
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6-55, 959.0-79.
(. 2.1) ( 100...150 /)
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2.1.1.
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. 2.5.
N = 1 9 .
N