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12.

- . . , , . Alt (cp866) cp1251. MS-DOS.

( HTTP) KOI8-R. , - .

- . . .

12.1 MIME

MIME - - . , . MIME , . , , MIME video/mpeg (MPEG ), MPEG .

UNIX , MIME , metamail, MIME. (/etc/mailcap - ~/.mailcap - ) MIME .

, MIME , , MIME- KOI8.

MIME-, richtext , () , . MIME.

: translit, , . . 

text/plain; translit -t cp1251-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = cp1251; copiousoutput

text/richtext; translit -t cp1251-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = cp1251; copiousoutput

text/plain; translit -t alt-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = cp866; copiousoutput

text/richtext; translit -t alt-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = cp866; copiousoutput

text/plain; translit -t alt-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = alt; copiousoutput

text/richtext; translit -t alt-koi8.rus < %s; test=test \
    "`echo %{charset} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`"  = alt; copiousoutput

, . ( , , ). Microsoft Word cp1251, , ( MS Word Applix Words).

, . , MIME. Microsoft Mail MIME. Netscape Navigator/Communicator / , cp1251, charset=koi8-r .

, ( , - - Outlook) . windows-1251 iso-8859-1, US-ASCII UNKNOWN-8BIT. ~/.procmailrc ( , ~/.procmailrc ): 

:0 fHw
* ^Content-Type: *text/plain; *charset="?(iso-8859-1|US-ASCII|UNKNOWN-8BIT)"?
| formail -i "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1251"

12.2

Internet , . .

, . , , "" GNU recode. ( http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard/recode/).

cp1251 koi8-r : 

$ recode CP1251..KOI8-R  winfile.txt

iconv ( glibc)

cp1251 koi8-r: 

$ iconv -f866 -tKOI8-R -o<outfile> infile

translit. TeX (. tex ) .

lynx (cp1251 koi8-r): 

$ lynx -assume_local_charset cp866  file.txt

- SovInformBureau ftp.funet.fi. emacs ( Emacs XEmacs).

12.3 MS Windows

Windows Unicode, . Linux, , Unicode, Windows VFAT, , .

:

  1. , codepage ( cp866 KOI8-R - , ls /lib/modules/`uname -r`/fs/nls_*).
  2. mount mount: 
    codepage=866,iocharset=koi8-r
    /etc/fstab/ : 
    /dev/hda5 /mnt/d vfat noexec,dev,suid,rw,umask=002, codepage=866,iocharset=koi8-r, gid=101 0 0
    man mount.

Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt Linux.

12.4 DOS

, , , Alt . , Alt- DOS. , DOS , Alt.

(dos) . DOS . . rk . , , X dosemu. - r ( 2.0 ). , Alt KOI8. , , X Window ( 1.14 ).

Internet , , ftp .

, http://www.ice.ru/~vitus/misc/, . X-, - DOS - . dosemu ( telnet/ssh/rsh) .

X dosemu X 866- p. p http://www.ice.ru/~vitus/works/x11.html, ftp.dosemu.org, ( ) www.inp.nsk.su/~bolkhov

cp866 . vga_bul8x16.pcf.gz vga_bul.pcf.gz (), vga_ruscii_8x16.pcf.gz "" ruscii.

dosemu

, . , X . , , , : rk . , cyrkeyb Pete Kvitek - http://www.ice.ru/~vitus/misc/.

12.5 gtk

gtk , 8- . /etc/gtk/gtkrc.$LANG. gtkrc.ru . ( , , koi8-r): 

style "gtk-default-ru" {
       fontset = "-cronyx-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r,\
                  -cronyx-courier-medium-r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r,\
                  -cronyx-fixed-medium-r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r,\
                  -cronyx-times-medium-r-normal--*-*-*-*-*-*-koi8-r"
}
class "GtkWidget" style "gtk-default-ru"

'gtkrc.ru_RU.KOI8-R' symlink: 

$ cd /etc/gtk/
$ ln -s  gtkrc.ru  gtkrc.ru_RU.KOI8-R

. www.gtk.org, http://www.linux.org.ru/gnome/

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