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7.

, .

Internet : MUA (Mail User Agent - ) MTA (Mail Transfer Agent - ). MUA - , , . , , , , . - Pine, - qmail.

MTA, MUA 8- . , , , , - "" 8- . , 7- ASCII. MIME (MultimedIa Mail Encoding - )

MIME , . MIME, (. mime).

, . :

  1. 8- ,
  3. .
, IANA.

, . : KOI8-R, IANA koi8-r. cp1251 - IANA: windows-1251.

(, ( ) ISO-8859-5. Windows ISO-8859-5 - .)

: , ( , - - Outlook) . windows-1251 iso-8859-1, US-ASCII UNKNOWN-8BIT. ~/.procmailrc ( , ~/.procmailrc ): 

:0 fHw
* ^Content-Type: *text/plain; *charset="?(iso-8859-1|US-ASCII|UNKNOWN-8BIT)"?
| formail -i "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1251"

7.1 (MUA)

Emacs

emacs , , Emacs. ( Emacs Emacs XEmacs).

elm

~/.elm/elmrc: 

CHARSET=koi8-r

pine

~/.pinerc /usr/lib/pine.conf ( pine). 

character-set=koi8-r

Pine , quoted-printable . 

enable-8bit-nntp-posting
enable-8bit-esmtp-negotiation

, , pine. .

: win koi pine .pinerc ( pine) 

  display-filters=_CHARSET(iso8859-5)_ /usr/local/bin/icat,
          _CHARSET(utf-8)_ /usr/local/bin/ucat,
          _CHARSET(windows-1251)_ /usr/local/bin/wcat

icat, wcat ucat iconv -from - -to - recode. - , ( ).

mutt

~/.muttrc: 

set charset=koi8-r
set allow_8bit

, . , , - , ~/.muttrc.

cp1251, KOI8-R ~/.muttrc. 

set charset=windows-1251
set send_charset=koi8-r
set allow_8bit

sendmail 8, , , ~/.muttrc 

set use_8bitmime

7.2 (MTA)

"" (MTA), . sendmail, qmail, smail, exim, .

sendmail

8, sendmail 8 . - EightBitMode 7 mailers /etc/sendmail.cf. "Sendmail. Operation and Installation Guide" .

sendmail 8 . 8 base64 . 8 , , .

. - , , .

7.3

Emacs ( Emacs XEmacs) pine ( pine), - tin

tin

MM_CHARSET KOI8-R mm_charset ~/.tin/tinrc mm_charset ~/.tin/tinrc KOI8-R ( ""  MM_CHARSET)

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